Article Errors among Japanese Students Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Article Errors among Japanese Students - Essay Example It is relatable that the English articles 'a', 'an', 'zero', and 'the' often raise difficulty not to ESL/EFL learners alone, but even to learners of English as a first language. It is often found that the articles are a source of difficulty to learners as well as teachers of English as a second/foreign language and it is especially true about learners whose native languages do not have articles or do have articles or article-like morphemes which are used in ways that differ from English articles. An analysis of the morpheme acquisition by the learners of English as a foreign language confirms this difficulty with regard to the acquisition of English articles and it was found in a study by Brown (1973) that the articles 'a' and 'the' came at numbers nine and ten in the acquisition of fourteen morphemes. ... al errors in the use of indefinite articles and a focused study on the Japanese lower-intermediate tertiary level learners, as attempted in this paper, brings out some pertinent issues in the use of articles by EFL learners. One of the most obvious difficulties in the learning of English by the lower-intermediate tertiary level learners of Japan is the use of articles and an understanding of the language situation in the country provides the significant explanation for the type of difficulty with the use of articles. An important reason for the problems with the use of articles in Japanese context can be traced in the structure of the Japanese language along with other reasons. The Japanese students find it hard to follow the rules for the use of the article in English which are very complex. To explain the problem in linguistic terms, it will be particularly noted that there is no provision for the use of articles in the Japanese language. The absence of the article in Japanese raises serious trouble to the learners of English, especially in the early stages of EFL as in the case of the lower-intermediate tertiary level learners of Japan. It is also relatable in this context that Japanese language does not differentiate between singular and plural noun forms in grammar except in a few specific cases. This problem with regard to the concept of countability in grammar for the Japanese speakers also causes difficulty especially to the novice learners of English in the learning of English indefinite articles. The result of all these language differences in the use of articles is that the teacher of English in the lower-intermediate tertiary level introduces the articles to the learners as a totally new type of word and there is serious difficulty in the teaching of the

Hrm Models Of Best Fit And Best Practice Management Essay

Hrm Models Of Best Fit And Best Practice Management Essay Report on LVMH (Moet Hennessy Louis Vuitton), the worlds leading luxury products group propose of making a report is to pass out edexcel program with a important subject of human resource planning and developments task assignment on lvmh company for find out difference in hrm modeles and how they worked on lvmh. Another task is on learning and development in multinational company as well as provide a recommendation for lvmh director for improve their strategy towards the staff for archive globally. And the last task for find out difference between recruitment and selection and hr function of international recruitment for lvmh. My approach for report is more practical and theoretical. INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIZATIONS LVMH (Moet Hennessy Louis Vuitton), the worlds leading luxury products group, including prestigious champagnes, wines, cognacs and spirits, as well as luxury goods, luggage and leather goods, fragrance and cosmetics products, watches and jewelry. The Company is also occupied in the haute fashion design and fashion businesses. LVMHs business consists of five principal business groups: Wines and Spirits, Fashion and Leather Goods, Perfumes and Cosmetics, Watches and Jewelry and Selective Retailing. In adding, LVMH has interests in financial media companies and in sale art sales, included under other performance. A vital part of the Companys production is situated in France, but sold through supplementary worldwide, in five major physical zones: France, Europe, the United States, Japan and the Far East. Louis Vuitton, a trunk-maker in Paris since 1854, became a star in the art of travel by creating baggage, bags and accessories as inventive as they were elegant and practical. A century and a half later, the legend lives on. Strengthened by its global renown, the Louis Vuitton legend is embodied by the Louis Vuitton Monogram Canvas, which has enjoyed unequalled victory since 1896 and played a starring role in the growth of modern luxury. Modernism form the story of Louis Vuitton. Task 1- HRM MODELS DIFFERNCE BETWEEN HRM MODELS OF BEST FIT ,BEST PRACTIS AND RESORSED BASED MODELS. Best practise vs Best fit It considers strategic human resource management approaches in conditions of the leadership that they offer for reward practices. There are difficulties in the sense that different writers from each perspective have different opinions about what comprise best fit or best practice. In spite of this, there are a few areas of conformity and as well as a number of points of difference. In the most common sense, both approaches view HR as having an significant role in following organisational strategy and objectives. Both approaches agree that payment practices should be consistent with other HR practices. There is a mutual view that an externally competitive reward system has an important role in attracting appropriate candidates and keeping employees. Both see rewards as a way of reinforcing organisational culture and structure. However, there are several significant difference. At the most broad level, best fit is a possibility approach while best practice is a universal approach. For best fit, organisational strategy comes first and all organisation systems and practices, together with reward. Just as organisational strategy is unique to the organisation, so is the reward system that will reinforce that strategy. For best fit, a narrow set of practices, including reward, precede strategy but provide the human resources needed to fulfil the organisations objectives, whatever they are. At a more specific level, best fit advocates display great self-reliance in the ability of the reward system to inspire specific individual behaviours. They support this view with hope Theory, a theory of motivation that advise that people with act in particular ways if they believe that their performance will lead to valued rewards. They suggest the use of variable incentives that are not combine into base pay to promote particular behaviours that are significant to achieving organisational objectives. inducement also provide financial flexibility because they are joined to an organisations ability to pay. Best fit proponents see rewards as the attach and the incentive. Since pay varies with performance, poor performers vote with their feet. outstanding performers are attracted to the large pay differentials that reward their performance. The Resource-Based Model The Resource-Based model approve an internal standpoint to explain how a companys exclusive bundle or collected works of internal resources and capabilities signify the foundation upon which value-creating strategies should be construct.Resources are inputs into a companys production process, such as brand names, individual employees skills, capital equipment, finance and talented managers and employee These resources can be tangible or intangible. Ability is the capacity for a set of resources to interactively or in combination achieve a task or activity.   Thus, according to the Resource-Based model, a companys resources and capabilities are more significant to formative the suitability of strategic actions than are the circumstances and characteristics of the external environment.   Thus, strategies should be selected that enable the company to best exploit its core competencies, relative to opportunities in the external environment. According to my thinking lvmh deploys their workforce planning and development in resourced best models because of following reasons The Resource-Based model of average returns is grounded in the uniqueness of a lvmh internal resources and capabilities.   Lvmh is identify the set of resources that provide the company with capabilities that are unique to the lvmh, relative to their competitors. Lvmh also identify those capabilities that enable the company to perform a task or activity better than its competitors. Lvmh assess or determine the potential for their unique sets of resources and capabilities to outperform its competitors in terms of returns. And also determine how a companys resources and capabilities can be used to gain competitive advantage. Lvmh is having with Locate and compete in an attractive industry. It is determine the industry that provides the best fit between the characteristics of the industry and the companys resources and capabilities.lvmh formulate and implement strategies that enable them to better exploit their resources and capabilities to take advantage of opportunities in the external environment than can their competitors.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   However, taking advantage of or exploiting resources and capabilities in the new competitive landscape may always result in a lvmh achieving a sustainable competitive advantage and above-average returns.   The potential to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage will be realised when lvmh resources and capabilities are valuable, rare, costly imitate, and no n substitutable TASK 2 LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENT Key Approaches Of Mnc For Learning And Development Of Their Staff Are Following Employee skills Review of Skills ,Prosperity for all in the global economy world class skills consider as implementing initiatives such as Train to Gain and signing the Employer Skills in mnc More organisations raise educational standards among young people before they enter the workforce rather than employers responsibility to raise literacy/numeracy standards within the workforce Mnc are requiring a broader range of skills and a higher level of skills . The key skills that employers class as very important include interpersonal and communication skills. However organisations feel that new employees currently lack communication/ interpersonal skills and management/leadership skill that organisations feel will be required to meet business objectives in the future. E-learning Nonetheless, over half (57%) of MNC organisations use e-learning, while nearly half tend to agree that e-learning is the most important development in training in the past few decades. There is some indication that e-learning will be increasingly used as a training tool in MNC. that e-learning demands a new attitude to learning on the part of learners for achieving a goal MNC make e-learning more effective by combined with other forms of learning. Coaching MNC undertake coaching activities, with a similar proportion finding coaching to be an effective tool.However, the purpose of coaching would appear to vary according to whom coaching is offered. Thus, within organisations that offer coaching to all of their employees, the purpose of this coaching is evidently used for general personal development and to remedy poor performance , whereas within organisations that offer coaching only to managers, the emphasis for the purpose of coaching shifts towards its position as part of a wider management and leadership development programme. The bulk of the responsibility for delivering coaching lies with line managers coaching those who report to them and to HR and learning, training and development specialists in MNC The main methods used for evaluating the effectiveness of coaching in MNC include through observation of changes and reviews of objectives conducted with line managers, coach and coachee. Expectations of new employees MNC required greater demand for learning and development among new employees (joining from school, college or university) compared with five years ago. More than half also feel that these new employees also require more structured career development, while two in five have seen greater demands for professional qualifications and greater feedback on performance Future skill requirements Reflecting the current need for both a diverse range of skills and an increased competency within those broader skill bases, MNC will require a broader range of skills. In terms of the types of skill that organisations feel need to be specifically developed to meet business needs over the years, most feel that management or leadership skills , communication or interpersonal skills , customer service skills and business skills are the highest priorities. Literacy and numeracy skills Training spends and budgets MNC organisations have a training budget and continue to spend more per employee per year on training, compared with the private sector and with the public sector. Learning and development for the future goal The majority of MNCS have experienced change over the last few years in delivering learning and development, with the most significant change concerning management development in the form of new programmes to develop the role of line managers Indeed, the crucial role of line managers highlighted in previous surveys is resistant this year, with the widely held being involved in determining learning and development needs and half predicting line managers will have greater responsibility for learning and development over the next five years On the whole, learning and development managers in MNC have accurately forecast changes in learning and development practices; e-learning, coaching, mentoring and in-house development programmes were all previously highlighted as growth areas. In-house development programmes and coaching by line managers are both now used more than previously. Lvmh face the problem of international development of its staff. There some recommendation for learning and development of its staff globally LVMH has required to create a pool of global managers with a working knowledge of international markets. A global manager should be defined as a person with the training or experience needed to manage a global business. He or she can perform from any place in the world thanks to a global vision and skills in managing multicultural and multilingual teams. To have such abilities, an individual must have worked in a number of countries so that his or her potential can be realised and perceived. LVMHs performance appraisal system should not only based on results but also on the ability to propose and implement new ideas. LVMH has a career management process called organisational and management review (OMR) . This annual process aims at reviewing HR objectives and results. The OMR is an essential tool for the organisations HR planning, taking into deliberation organisational needs for the next three years. It defines sequence planning and high-potential and ready to move lists. Employees identified on these lists are should be given development experiences, including international assignments, in order to arrange them for top management place. The OMR particularly seem back on the previous years objectives for high-potentials and those ready to move and assesses their current development. LVMH should manages to staff internally two in every three executive positions. To develop the skills and capacity of LVMH staff to ensure that flexibly and effectively to changing demands for service delivery, now and in the future, and strategic aims are achieved.their should be create an environment which encourages and supports excellence. For example LVMH should spends approximately  ¾ of its budget,  £11m, on employing staff. It is therefore important we have a robust strategy to ensure that they have staff with the right skills to deliver strategic aims. 1.4% of the  £11m budget is spent on staff learning and development and it is important that this investment is maximised. This sum keeps out on the job learning and development activities and support. All staff of LVMH are expected to develop the skills, knowledge and attributes required in their job through all learning and development processes not only training courses. Every year each member of staff should have the opportunity to engage in learning and development activities .LVMH should invest in staff development in order to make a direct impact on service delivery TASK 3 RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION Selection is different from recruitment, where recruitment technically lead selection. Recruitment involves recognize the sources of manpower and stimulating them to apply for jobs in the organizations. On the other hand, selection is the p rocess of decideing the best out of those recruited. Recruitment is positive as aims at rising the number of applications for wider choices or for increasing the selection ratio. Selection is an significant function as no organization can get its goals without selecting the correct people, where defective in selection leads to wastage of time, money and plunder the environment of an organization. In this regard, scientific selection and placement of personnel can go a long way in structure up a steady work force, where it helps to decrease absence and labour turnover at the same time very helpful inside increasing the efficiency and productivity of the enterprise The ultimate objectives of both recruitment and selection are to acquire suitable candidates but their instant objectives be different, where the basic objective of recruitment is to attract maximum number of candidates so that more options are offered .The basic purpose of recruitments is to create a talent pool of applicant to enable the selection of best applicant for the organization, by attracting more and more workforce to apply in the organization whereas The basic purpose of selection process is to choose the correct candidate to fill the Selection involves the sequence of steps by which the candidates are screened for various positions in the organization. Recruitment is a positive process i.e. encourage more and more employees to apply whereas Selection is a negative process as it involves refusal of the unsuitable candidates. Recruitment is troubled with tapping the sources of human resources whereas Selection is troubled with selecting the most suitable candidate through various interviews and examination. . There is no agreement of recruitment recognized in recruitment whereas Selection results in a agreement of service between the employer and the selected employee. Recruitment is the process of probing the candidates for employment and inspiring them to apply for jobs in the organization Whereas Selection involves the sequence of steps by which the candidates are screened for choosing the most suitable persons for empty posts. the ultimate objectives of both recruitment and selection are to obtain appropriate candidates but their instant objectives differ, where the vital objective of recruitment is to draw maximum number of candidates so that more options are available; the basic purpose of selection is to choose most excellent out of the available candidates. recruitment be different from selection in terms of process, where it take on the process of making application pool as large as possible; while selection take on the process through which more and more candidates are discarded and less candidates are selected or for a moment not even a single candidate is selected. in respect to techniques concerned, recruitment techniques are not very intensive, requiring high skills, as next to this, In selection process, highly dedicated techniques are required. Therefore, in the selection process, only personnel with exact skills like expertise in using selection tests, conducting interviews and the like are concerned. since recruitment and selection are two inter-linked steps in the process of manpower gaining, they be different in term of outcome; where the outcome for recruitment is application pool which becomes input for selection process, on the other hand, the outcome of selection process is in the form of finalizing candidates who will be offered jobs. Argument for lvmh international recruitment HR function The busy global organizations and the rapid changing companies do not find time to perform various functions of recruitment. Therefore LVMH should advise the candidates to be present for an interview directly and without a prior application on a specified date, time and at a specified place. The busy and dynamic global LVMH should encourage the possible job seekers to move towards them personally and consult them regarding the jobs. And select the suitable candidates from among such candidates though the selection process. LVMH should request the professional organizations to search for the best candidates particularly for the senior executive positions. The professional organizations search for the most suitable candidates and advice to company regarding the filling up of the positions. LVMH should develop the pool of human resources for possible employment. The prospective employers contact these organizations to recruit the candidates. The body shoppers appoint people for their association and give the required/specific employees to various organization on request. In fact, body shoppers collect fee/commission from the organizations and pay the salary/benefits to the employees. It is like acquisitions, mergers, and takeovers help in getting human resources. In addition, LVMH do also have alliances in sharing their human resources on ad-hoc basis. The technological revolutions in telecommunication helped LVMH to use internet as source of recruitment. lvmh advertise the job vacancies though the World Wide Web internet. The job seekers send their application though e-mails or internet websites. RECOMMENDATIONS The luxury goods are very receptive to the fluctuation of economy; any economic wave could influence its sales. LVMH is business mainly depends on the economic condition, if economy was depressed, its sales growth slow down sharply like it did in 2002, since demand for luxury goods declines markedly when recession or depression happens. Broad gaining makes no sense and could bring load, such as it acquired Pury Luxembourg, which is criticized since there was no room for art auction market. The mission of the LVMH group is to represent the most refined qualities of Western Art de Vivre around the world. LVMH must continue to equal to elegance and creativity. lvmh should take young graduates , mostly single for their international assignment and should give support neede to ensure smooth relocation. there should be some insurance schemes available and also international insurance. Lvmh should recruit more individuals whos having international knowledge and know at least four language and also immersed in several cultural and tradition. LVMH should have clear and and simple principal that can be applied to all countries with having harmozinious practise to allow for more global workforce between both countries and employee. the employee should be pay higher than his colleagues.

Elements of Tennessee Williams A Streetcar Named Desire :: A Streetcar Named Desire Essays

Many Elements of A Street Car Named Desire  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A Streetcar Named Desire, by Tennessee Williams, is a very worldly play that contains issues from life; a guilty feeling of abandonment, the anger and frustration between two complete opposites, and the violation of a rape. It happens in New Orleans where there are many different races. Blanche DuBois, loses her ancestral home, Belle Reve, and her teaching position as a result of promiscuity. With expectations for the new life, she moves in with her pregnant sister Stella and her brutish husband, Stanley Kowalski. Throughout the play, we can distinguish many differences between Blanche and Stella. Although they come from the same noble and aristocratic family, their philosophies of life are distinct and lead them to different roads. Blanche is a highly vulnerable, as well as neurotic, woman living in a world of boozy self deception. She is intelligent, yet prefers magic over realism. She puts too much emphasis on her manners and appearance. She demands to be seen for what she wished to be, rather than what she really is.This is the reason for the paper lanterns and constant bathing - she is creating her world of illusion. A complite opposite of Blanch is Stella.Unlike her sister, she is a passive and gentle woman. She is five years younger than Blanche, about 25, and has been submissive to her for her entire life. After marrying Stanley, she is forced to join the lower class, endure her husband's bad temper, and be obedient to him. Blanche is not a compromising person who can adapt to changes. Moreover, I think she is afraid of alterations and denies facing the reality (ex. she is afraid of losing her properties, her youth and beauty, etc.). She feels very uncertain about the new world and tries to persist in her own way of behavior and thinking, since that is how she has been educated: to be a lady. Stella is the connecting figure to two different worlds- the supposed royalty world of Blanche DuBois and the more common world of Stanley Kowalski. Blanche and St anley both attempt to influence her, and they succeed to a degree. Stella still has many of the qualities instilled in her at Belle Reve, yet she does not let that get in the way of her having some fun. As she is so entangled between two completely opposite worlds, she is stuck and eventually forced to side with one of the two.

Munich: A City of Sorrow, Politics, and Culture Essay

In 1923, Adolf Hitler and the National Socialists marched to Munich in an attempt to overthrow the Munich government. The Weimar government ordered the army to quell the revolt. Hitler was arrested and several high-ranking members of the Nazi Party were incarcerated. In 1933, Munich became once again the power center of the National Socialists after Hitler’s assumption to power. The Nazi Party established the first internment camp (usually for political prisoners) at Dachau, several kilometers north of the city. Because Munich was the power center of National Socialism, it was called ‘capital of the movement. ’ The Nazis built several monumental buildings south of the city to commemorate fallen comrades in the 1923 putsch. Westerners call Munich as ‘the city of political distress. ’ It was in Munich that Neville Chamberlain agreed to cede Czechoslovak territory to Hitler. And it was also the site where Hitler announced his desire to annex Austria into the German Reich. Indeed, in some instances, the city was referred to as the ‘city of sorrow. ’ But this generalization is unfounded. Munich was also the headquarters of the White Rose, the Nazi resistance movement. During the Second World War, the city was severely damaged by air raids. Several of the city’s heritage buildings were either damaged or destroyed. After the Allies occupied Munich in 1945, the city was rebuilt. General George Marshall allocated a staggering 100 million dollars for the reconstruction of Munich alone. However, the reconstruction of the city was a superficial break with tradition. The Allies saw an immediate need to eliminate the remnants of Nazism in the city. One such example was the proposed demolition of the monument Giesinger Berg, a stone monument of a naked figure â€Å"strangling a snake that symbolized ‘degeneration and decline’† (Rosenfeld, 112). Around the figure were emblems, symbols, and names of twenty-two Freikorps companies that participated in suppressing the communist revolt in 1919. The Allies ordered the demolition of the structure with the consent of the city council. Munich was the site of intense Denazification. Modernism and populism became the defining themes of the city after the 1972 Olympics. As Rosenfeld argued: The modernization in the city gave rise to inevitable countertendencies as its destructive potential became increasingly evident †¦ This destructive creativity was partially advanced by the modern movement, whose radical city planning principles and universal architectural aesthetic progressively effaced the particularist features of local urban identity. Beginning in the mid-1960s, this trend’s acceleration generated expressions of protests that eventually developed into the new populist historic preservation movement (147). Indeed, the city was being assimilated into mainstream European culture. The city became the center of modernity and classicism. Modernity aimed for the economic and physical reconstruction of the city while classicism focused on cultural revivalism. Both forces worked at ease for more than 50 years. As Rosenfeld correctly observed: The late 1950s marked the beginning of a period of rapid urban growth for Munich. In December 1957, the registration of the city’s one-millionth inhabitants demonstrated that Munich †¦ had now on the eve of its eight-hundred birthday, achieved the critical mass to become a legitimate metropolis. Accompanying this rapid urban development was the rapid advancement of innovation (148). To date, the city is considered to be the global centre for cutting-edge automotive technology. Many of Germany’s leading car manufacturers established their headquarters in Munich. The city is also known as the ‘Silicon Valley of the East. ’ It is also one of the wealthiest cities in the world. Financial and consulting firms listed the city among the top 20 cities with the highest quality of life. In addition, Munich has a strong, solid, and thriving economy motivated by information technology, and highly integrated public sector. From 1950 up to the present, Munich is home to many professional football teams. The Munich territory has three teams playing in the Bundestag system. Munich is one of the main European cultural centers and has been host to several prominent musicians and artists including Rubinstein, Heifetz, Mozart, Wagner, Strauss, and Reger. The National Theater was established by Ludwig II, ruler of Bavaria, and is home to the Bavarian State Opera. The so-called Residenz theatre was established before the outbreak of the Second World War. Other opera houses were founded decades before the construction of the Residenz. For example, the Gartnerplatz Theatre staged the first edition of Mozart ‘K-ballets. ’ From a historical perspective, the city has evolved from a base of radical ideology to a modern, industrialized, and cultural center. As Toynbee noted: I have seen a city which beheld all which is sorrowful. Yet, in reality, I have descended into a state of powerlessness. This is not the idea of Nazism or the defunct ideological history of the city. It is awe and admiration that a city so cursed has become a powerhouse of economics and culture (622). Works Cited Rosenfeld, Gavriel. Munich and Memory: Architecture, Monuments and the Legacy of the Third Reich. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 2007. Toynbee, Arnold. Post War Germany. London: London

Consumerism in Today’s Society Essay

To analyze and explain the significance of something, you must first define it. Consumerism is â€Å"advocacy of a high rate of consumption and spending as a basis for a sound economy†. Consumerism plays an enormous role in Brave New World. It gives us a small view of what a different type of economy we might have. People are solely dependent on the things that the world state provides for them. There is much significance to consumerism in BNW, and through an analytical view of it, we find many similarities between consumerism in BNW and in our world today. In this novel the use of consumerism is prominent. Every person is provided for so that they do not have to worry about anything. In the US we constantly use our available resources even when it is not truly needed. A simple example would be, buying too much food at the grocery store, and most of it going to waste in about a weeks time. All the branches of society in BNW indulge in overconsumption just as we do, but it the Alpha group that really shows us this. Alphas show us this in many ways, often through the use of a drug. The best item in this society to get your hands on is soma. It is the most widely used and distributed item, it is used to keep individuals happy. From an example in the book, many of the castes are paid for their work with soma. Soma keeps the population under control, they take it when they do not feel â€Å"normal†, the drug keeps them from thinking unusually, thinking as an individual. The general public in BNW is encouraged to use public transportation, often to entertain themselves, to visit one of the reservations, or to play a game, such as Obstacle Golf, another example of consumerism in BNW, because it costs money to play. Or even to spectate, the population would still have to pay for transportation to watch. In our world today we also use public transportation, but it is not the only means of transportation. The public consumerism regarding entertainment in the form of games, such as golf, not a cheap sport but one we indulge ourselves in for amusement. Another example of how consumerism in BNW relates to us, is how the population in BNW are raised to use products provided by the World State, and dispose of them and continue to get more, and provide more money to the economy, therefore keeping the world at a constant steady state. This may sound very familiar, where products in our society become faulty overtime, some may say it is planned obsolescence, where maybe it isn’t completely broken and you cant fix it, maybe it is just so outdated it cannot keep up anymore. So we as individuals are forced to toss the product and purchase a new one. Our society has many examples of consumerism. Individuals with more money to spend often overindulge or spend it on unneeded things for our pleasure. We buy televisions, video games, extra clothing, more than one of a similar item, like a person having three different iPods. Sporting events have a huge impact on our economy as well. Millions of people in the US turn out to attend or watch on TV football during the regular season and the post season. We spend a lot of money of medicine and drugs. If one were to look into a persons medicine cabinet at home, it would be likely to find lots of pills and drugs for different uses that are defiantly not cheap, that are rarely used. Also a small minority of Americans in relation to the whole country, spend money on illegal drugs. Alcohol is also another product many Americans spend their money on that is an example of consumerism. Most individuals in our world today have given in to some form of consumerism. Unfortunately the peoples in BNW are trained and pretty much forced to give into consumerism. And if our world continues to overindulge we soon could also turn into a milder form of the society in this novel. But first we have to realize and start to conserve our valuable resources, so that we don’t have to depend upon our government for necessities.

Scary story Essay Example

Scary story Essay Example Scary story Essay Scary story Essay On a dark and stormy night Shelby is traveling down Route 44, and then taking Route 40 heading home. Shelby has been in college, she finally gets the summer to go home and be with her family for a few months till college starts up again. Shelby hasnt been home In almost a year, she hasnt seen her brother either. Shelby Is bringing home her boyfriend, to stay with her till they leave again. Shelby boyfriends name Is Jeff. Shelby Is traveling down Route 44, as she Is driving this bizarre driver Is speeding, going as fast as he can. This crazy driver is driving carelessly down the road. Shelby and Jeff are freaking out and dont know what to do. He is driving all over the road, honking his horn and trying to hit them. He is getting right on their bumper honking his horn as loud as it will go. She is screaming at Jeff what do I do? He is yelling I dont know, wave at him to go around you. She slows down and he goes around her, he is flying around her as fast as he can, like hes in a hurry. She stops the car and they both get out and look at each other they cant figure out what Just happened. They switch seats, Jeff starts to drive. They get some water out from the back and they get back Into the car and drive off. As they are going down the road, Shelby Is trying to figure out what Just happened. She thinks people down south are Just crazy. Shelby Is trying to get to her moms house soon. They keep driving trying to ignoring the thing they Just ran into. They see the crazy guy, at an abandoned church; he is going from his truck to a huge pipe. Jeff slows down, he is driving slowly. It sees that someone is driving slowly and he steps of to the side of his truck and stares at them. Shelby says what in gods name is he throwing in that pipe? Jeff steps on to the gas pedal and floors it, to get the heck out of there. He said bodies? It was wrapped in a sheet. Shelby said yes, wrapped in a sheet and looks like a body. Jeff says yeah, a body wrapped in a sheet with red stains? What in the world would he be doing with bodies! l dont know says Jeff As they take off that guy that is dumping the bodies gets Into his truck and starts to chase them. He is flying down the road; he Is driving as fast as he can. The guy hits the car, making them hit their heads off the dash board. Jeff Is screaming, telling him to go around them. Jeff says hold on; Shelby says do whatever dont kill us. Jeff tryst to speed up and he hits get he fence to see if they can get away from this creep. When they get stopped, Jeff and Shelby get out. They are in shock, Jeff gets a shirt and tries to tie the back down so the truck wont fly open anymore. Jeff stops and looks at Shelby and says what if they were still alive. Jeff shut up we are not going back there, he would kill us if he catches us looking into the pipe. Sis what if you were down there, wouldnt you want someone to come and help you. I think they could be alive, you know this is the right thing to do. No Jeff I am not going back there, this thing could be hiding and come back and kill us. Shelby this is the thing to do. Please, go back there with me. Fine but I am not getting out of the truck. When Jeff and Shelby arrive at the church, they shut the car off and Jeff hesitates to get out of the car. He steps out of the car and Shelby gets out and stands with him. They walk over to the pipe, and they look down the pipe. Jeff tells Shelby to get a flash light, hurry Shelby. Jeff walks to the side and hears a help me cry from the pipe, he screams hello. Hello is someone there. Shelby hurry up I stop, they hear a Help me, please help me. Shelby Just hold my feet Im going to Just go half way down, hold my feet Shelby please. Jeff Im going to count to ten, then I am going to let go and go back to the car. Shut up Shelby I hear something. Hello is anyone down there, Shelby I see something. Its moving, its its RATS, rats, rats, rats, ewe rats. Shelby lets go and falls backwards, Jeff falls down the pipe and cuts his hand and stomach. Shelby is screaming, Jeff, Jeff answer me are you okay, Jeff! Jeff answer me. I told you not to go down there, Jeff whispers yeah right shut up Shelby. Yes I am find shut up, I need to find a way out here, its a basement to a church right! Shelby go to the road and fine someone that can help us please, go. Shelby runs to the road, and tries to get someones attention. Jeff gets the flash light and looks around, he sees bodies, wrapped and roped, with blood stains on it. He sees one moving, he says hello. The body grabs Jeff leg, Jeff screams his head off. Shelby runs to the pipe saying Jeff what is wrong, Jeff are you there. Go get help Shelby. Shelby goes back to the body and sees that its moving and screaming, and opens the sheet. He sees a young boy who has been stitched up, his whole chest has been cut open. His lips are blue, he isnt getting any oxygen to his body. The boy is whispering, hide, hide, go hide. The boy then dies right there on the spot. Jeff is in shock, he gets up and uses the flash light to look around the basement, he sees bodies everywhere, and they are all wrapped in a sheet with a rope around them, with blood stains. Jeff goes up the stairs to the church and sees the body that has been gone for 20 years now. Police found the car all smashed up and they never found the heads to the young boy and girl, which died on that road. Jeff goes up the stairs into a small room, he sees a sewing machine, and he also finds the bodies to the kids that died. It was said that they never found the heads to that boy and girl. Jeff finds the heads and the bodies. The bodies were sewed together and their heads were sewed on their bodies. After 20 years you would assume that the bodies would be bones by now. Jeff keeps looking around, trying to find out why this guy is doing what he is doing. Shelby is sitting on the hood of her car, she sees someone coming down the road and she panics, she gets into her car and she tries to start it, she is grinding gears to get it into reverse, she cant get it into the right gear, she thinks its the guys coming back after them. She is trying to get out of there. The truck passes and she realizes it isnt hat guy. She sits back and takes a deep breath and starts to calm down. She is wondering where Jeff is at, she looks around doesnt see him. Jeff runs out of the church, and runs into the car; he is in shook because of what he saw. He scares the crap out of Shelby when he hits the car, she Jumps back and screams, god Jeff what is wrong with you. Jeff gets in the car, Shelby offers to drive, and they get going down the road. Shelby tries to get Jeff to talk but he wont budge or say a word to her, he just keeps looking out the window. Jeff answer me what did you see, Jeff please answer me, are you okay? Do you know what he did to those kids, Shelby do you know what he did to them? No Jeff what happened please tell me! He sewed their heads back on and sewed their bodies together he had them holding hands, he had a class ring on too, his God Damn name was Jeff! Thats my name. Jeff are you are going to be okay! Jeff you need to eat something, go to the bathroom and clean up you smell and look like you Just came out of a sewer pipe, I am going to go find a phone and call us, please help us, can someone call the cops, please something has happened and needs to be taken care of. Everyone looks at them, like they are crazy. They talk to the waitress, and she goes into the kitchen. The phone rings, and everyone keeps looking at them, a guy speaks up and asks are you going to answer that. Shelby answers it saying hello? Jeff , Shelby is that you? Who is this? Dont worry about that, are you guys okay is something wrong with you? You guys need to get out of there. Who is this and how do you know us. Can I tell you something, you guys are in danger you need to get out of there! We dont know you so how do you know what we need; he is coming for you guys, Jeff you have a ripped shirt where it shows your rose by your eely button, and you have a cut hand, Shelby is fine, but you are the one who is hurt. Lady you dont even know us, leave us alone. Who was that asks Shelby? One of the waitresses calls the cops. Jeff and Shelby wait for them; they are sitting at a table, Jeff changes his shirt Shelby puts a coat over her top. The cops arrive and talk with the waitress and consult with Jeff and Shelby. Jeff and Shelby tell the cop everything that they saw. Jeff is screaming at the cop trying to tell him, he saw the kids that died on that road along time ago. The cops said after 20 years they would be nothing but bones. No not necessarily officer. Hey hey is that your clothes out there, and your car? What you mean my clothes; someone saw that thing in your car smelling your laundry, like enjoy sniffing your laundry. It looked like he liked it. He saw it going through your car, are you kidding me, what in the hell does it want, Jeff dont you see it wants us for some reason we dont know why. Oh great it even knows my name, now what do I do. Hey do you guys want a hand print? The cops and Jeff look at the hand print they take the handle off the door and take off, the cops are following them. The cops get a report on the handle. They said it had dead skin on it, its not from an human, hem that is really strange alright 10-4 over. What is your location hold on officer the sky is falling, 10-4. What the crap was that Doug? I dont know Ill look, okay. Holy S*** ah Doug, what the hell, the creature sticks its hand thru the car roof, and grabbed the police officers head and cut it off. He then throws the head onto Jeff car and Shelby is driving she screams and slides the car sideways, to avoid wrecking. They stop the car and Shelby gets out and start to scream Officer Frank, Hello Officer Frank are you okay? Officer Frank answer me! Shelby get back in the car, Shelby dont. Shelby get back into the car, for god sakes get back in the car. I see Blood. Shelby looks in front of the Officers car and sees Franks head, she runs back to the car and takes off! They keep driving till they find a lady house, they get out the car and slowly creep up to the door and hear a lady say, who it is. My name is Jeff and this is my girlfriend Shelby, we need to call the cops, someone was been murdered. Murdered, who? A police officer maam please call the cops. Sweetie no one calls the cops on a murder especially out here in the middle of nowhere. They hear a meow, now look what you did, you woke my babies! How could you wake my babies, you woke them up, now they cant sleep how dare you. Maam please call the cops, now sweetie we dont use the cops we use guns. After we shoot them we burry them and its said and done! Hung youre almost in Texas territory, the cops are too afraid to come out to a call like this. Maam please, you have to help us. They hear a noise, the lady goes inside and gets a huge gun, and she screams you better get out of my house she chases it, Jeff and Shelby are walking backwards towards the car. The lady s in side and we hear 2 bangs, the lady shot him twice. She comes walking out, but shes not walking the creature is holding her walking her to the front door and Jeff whispers lets leave now, she says hello children want to come in. Jeff and Shelby run to the car and throw it in reverse after the car being stuck in reverse, Jeff says Just back up. Shelby floors it, then takes off and runs him over, she backs up and hits him again. She does this 4 more times trying to get it to die. Stop Trash says Diary, they put it in gear and notice that it is has wings, it starts to flap its wings, Jeff is in shock, ND says lets get out if here please. Trash takes off running it over one more time. They enter Texas around 3 am. They find a police station and go in and talk with them, they call their parents and tell them where they are at, and told them what has happened. A strange portly women walks in the door and screams Jeff, Shelby you made it how are you. They look at the women and say who are you? I called you at the restaurant! How do you know us? I had a dream you guys were in trouble. How did you know? The police officer screams, Lisa leave these two alone they have been through enough today. She is screaming saying how she knows what is going to happen next. We hear a mayday mayday, code 199 code 199. There is something in a cell, he is eating the guy, he is taking something from his insides. What are you talking about? There is a creature he is eating this thing. Its eating hearts. Humans hearts! Are you serious human hearts? The police officer walks over to the creature and shines the flash light on it and it turns around and smiles at him and grabs him and pulls his heart out and eats it. Jeff and Shelby are in an interview room waiting and Jeff is screaming at Shelby saying we should have Just waited and kept going. Its here now and we could die, because we listed to a lady who had a dream. The creature bust through the double sided mirror and grabs Jeff and Shelby. It sniffs both of them, it has a certain scent it likes. It throws Shelby and looks at Jeff and smiles. The cops are right behind the glass holding their guns going shoot. Shelby says wait, you dont want him you want me, please take me I wont fight you I will let you have me, Im much stronger take me. Please dont take him you want me. He starts to let go of Jeff and fly out the window and Shelby starts to scream Jeff, no Jeff. She takes off following where its flying and it disappears in the moonlight. The police man follows her and brings her inside and calms her down and tells her he is going to call her parents. Shelby spends the night at the police station, guards are by her side 2417 so she doesnt leave or get attacked. Lisa walks in and says Shelby your parents are here to get you. She keep rambling on how she is sorry, Shelby doesnt listen to her she Just keeps walking and stops at the stairs and looks up in the sky where she saw Jeff get taken away from that ugly creature. The end!

How to Speak Shakespearean Verse

How to Speak Shakespearean Verse We start with a practical approach to an old question: how do you speak Shakespearian verse? Bring Shakespeare to life in the classroom and drama studio with the understanding that Shakespeare wrote his plays in verse. This poetic framework not only gives characters a structured speech pattern but enhanced authority. What Is Verse? Unlike modern plays, Shakespeare and his contemporaries wrote plays in verse. This is a poetic framework that gives characters a structured speech pattern and enhances their authority. Typically, Shakespeare’s verse is written in lines of ten syllables, with an ‘unstress-stress’ pattern. The stress is naturally on the even-numbered syllables. For example, take a look at the first line of Twelfth Night: If mu- / -sic be / the food / of love, / play onba- BUM / ba- BUM / ba- BUM / ba- BUM / ba- BUM However, verse isn’t spoken continuously in Shakespeare’s plays. Generally, characters of higher status speak verse (whether they are magical or aristocratic), especially if they are thinking aloud or expressing their passions. So it would follow that characters of low status don’t speak in verse – they speak in prose. The easiest way to tell whether a speech is written in verse or prose is to look at how the text is presented on the page. Verse doesn’t go to the edge of the page, whereas prose does. This is because of the ten syllables to a line structure. Workshop: Verse Speaking Exercises Choose a lengthy speech by any character in a Shakespeare play and read it aloud whilst walking around. Physically change direction every time you reach a comma, colon or full stop. This will force you to see that each clause in a sentence suggests a new thought or idea for your character.Repeat this exercise, but instead of changing direction, say the words â€Å"comma† and â€Å"full stop† out loud when you get to the punctuation. This exercise helps heighten your awareness of where there is punctuation in your speech and what its purpose is.Using the same text, take a pen and underline what you think are the natural stress words. If you spot an often repeated word, underline that as well. Then practice speaking the text with an emphasis on these key stress words.Using the same speech, speak it aloud forcing yourself to make a physical gesture on every single word. This gesture can be clearly connected to the word (for example a finger point on â€Å"him†) or c an be more abstract. This exercise helps you to value every word in the text, but again it will make you prioritize the correct stresses because you will naturally gesture more when saying keywords. Finally and above all, keep speaking the words aloud and enjoying the physical act of speech. This enjoyment is the key to all good verse speaking. Performance Tips Always use the punctuation in order to discover the natural places to pause or breathe when speaking verse. A common mistake is to always pause for breath at the end of a line. As Shakespeare often writes sentences that go across lines, this tendency to breath at the end of the line will distort the meaning and create an unnatural intonation.Be aware of the natural stress rhythms in the verse but don’t allow them to dominate your delivery of the line. Instead look at the line in its entirety and decide where your stress should go.Listen to the beautiful imagery and poetic elements of the verse and close your eyes when saying the words. Allow the imagery to form pictures in your mind. This will help you find meaning and substance in your lines. If you connect imaginatively with the language, you will naturally speak the words more effectively.Listen carefully to the colliding rhythms and sounds in Shakespeare’s verse. Often repeated words, harmonic sounds, and clashing s ounds help you to understand Shakespeare’s intentions and the motivations of your character. Obviously, use a dictionary if the context doesn’t present you with the meaning of a word you say. Not knowing the meaning of one of your words can be a problem. If you don’t know what it means, the chances are the audience won’t either!

5 Cases of Confusion Between Things and Their Names

5 Cases of Confusion Between Things and Their Names 5 Cases of Confusion Between Things and Their Names 5 Cases of Confusion Between Things and Their Names By Mark Nichol 1. â€Å"Users can choose from any website that offers RSS feeds, short for ‘Really Simple Syndication.’ â€Å"RSS feeds† is not short for â€Å"Really Simple Syndication.† The sentence refers to RSS feeds and then explains what the initialism stands for, but the association of the spelled-out term with the initialism is confusing, so the additional information needs to be distinguished from the main point: â€Å"Users can choose from any website that offers RSS feeds. (RSS is short for ‘Really Simple Syndication.’)† More simply, the parenthesis could be introduced as here: â€Å"Users can choose from any website that offers RSS (Really Simple Syndication) feeds.† However, the information is not essential and is better introduced in a trailing parenthesis. Use your judgment according to the context of each case. 2. â€Å"This is a camera obscura, a Latin term that means ‘dark chamber.’† This sentence suffers from the same type of confusion as the previous example. A camera obscura is not a Latin term; it is a device with that Latin name (and though the origin of the name is Latin, the term, despite being taken from that language, is English). Revise the sentence to clarify both points: â€Å"This is a camera obscura, a device whose name, borrowed from Latin, means ‘dark chamber.’† 3. â€Å"The pre-emptive offer also a common term in corporate transactions is hardly new.† Here, the concept of the pre-emptive offer is being mistaken for the name of the concept. Again, word the interjection of information to clarify the distinction: â€Å"The strategy known as a pre-emptive offer that phrase is also a common term in corporate transactions is hardly new.† 4. â€Å"With his talkie debut, as British secret agent Bulldog Drummond (1929), he became the first silent star to become even bigger in sound films.† This sentence attempts to name both a character and a film in one designation, but as we all know from physics class, two phenomena cannot occupy the same space at the same time. Separate the reference to the title character from that of the film title: â€Å"With his talkie debut, as the titular British secret agent in Bulldog Drummond (1929), he became the first silent star to become even bigger in sound films.† 5. â€Å"John is a Wetland Watcher a moniker he wears with pride and satisfaction.† This sentence’s conflict of concept and name is not as jarring as in the previous examples, but the statement would nevertheless benefit from more of a separation of the two elements: â€Å"John is a Wetland Watcher, and that’s a moniker he bears with pride and satisfaction.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:"Because Of" and "Due To" "Owing to" vs "Due to"Shore It Up

Strategic hospitality management(the case of yum) Study

Strategic hospitality management(the of yum) - Case Study Example The company also recognizes that it lags behind McDonalds in terms of customer service. In order to improve on this aspect, Yum! Brands, Inc. commits to invest in its human resource who are in the front line, directly interacting with its customers. Its SEC 8-K filling elaborates this as earnings per share growth, operating profit growth, same store sales growth, system sales growth, restaurant development, and customer satisfaction metrics." These established objectives are quite specific as they state the areas that the company wants to improve in. However, they are not measurable because they do not state how much earnings per share, operating profit, store sales, and system sales should grow. Increase in customer satisfaction is also a very general objective. These objectives fail to take into account all the shareholders of the business organization. "Build dominant China brands." This is in recognition of the opportunities in Chins due to its huge population and increasing per capita income. It should be noted that China's move in opening up its doors to the rest of the world has spurred the growth of opportunities and enhanced the overall economic situation. China has grown at a very fast rate during the past years facilitated by the entry of foreign investments. The country is now considered as one of the most fertile ground for foreign business organizations who are eyeing the international market because of its very huge population together with their rising disposable income. "Drive profitable international division expansion." Yum! Brands recognizes taking advantage of global opportunities due to globalization and large market abroad. "Improve US brand position and returns." This emphasizes the company's concern in its largest market. It should be noted that aside from its huge operations abroad, the United States still serve as the company's largest contributor in terms of revenue and income. "Drive high return on invested capital and strong shareholder payout." This strategy takes into account the stockholders of the company. Yum! Brands, Inc. is very much dependent on the funding of its shareholders as most of its asset is financed by equity. Yum! Brands, Inc. enhances its image and reputation in the society by pursuing social corporate responsibility programs which are aimed in "nourishing the minds, bodies, and spirit of people in need." The company does this by designing and implementing unique programs dedicated to hunger relief, scholarships, reading incentives, and mentoring at risk teens. Co-branding strategy which combines two or three brands in each location. 4. Policies "Customer mania acts as one system to put a Yum on customers' faces around the world." The company highlights the importance of satisfying customers in order to become successful in the industry. Delivery of customer value is often enhanced through excellent customer service. "People

Final test Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Final test - Essay Example The passage reveals that she accepts this fact, and decides to live the submissive role. 2. â€Å"No, dearest Georgiana†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This passage has been taken from Natalie Georgiana’s â€Å"The Birthmark†. This passage tells about Aylmer’s discontentment with the little birthmark that Georgiana had on her cheek. He believed that his wife’s beauty was imperfect due to that birthmark. This passage points out the discontentment of man, and also the imperfection of human beings. The perfect beauty of Georgiana’s was made imperfect by way of the birthmark, which implies that only God is perfect, and human beings can never become perfect. This passage also reveals that man is very thankless toward the blessings of God. No matter how much God blesses man with, he is always complaining and looking for faults instead of appreciating positive things. 3. â€Å"Live with your head†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This passage is from Ralph Ellison’s â€Å"Battle Roya l†. This passage is very significant as it portrays a very important theme: compliance. The grandfather is advising his grandson that the only way he can survive in the white-dominated society is compliance. He should never show open rebellion against the discrimination. He should pretend to be okay with the demeaning racism he would be experiencing in the future life, and should sit back and see what happens. However, the advice of the old man is based upon self-denial. The narrator wishes to be true to his self throughout, but the words of his grandfather echo in his mind and teach him treachery. 4. â€Å"She saw the man’s face†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . This passage has been taken from Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find†. This passage contains the redemption and epiphany the grandmother shows for the first time in the whole story, and this is what makes this passage so significant. She used to live in her own world of selfishness and indif ference, where she is not ready to consider the importance and views of others around her. But she comes to realize this just before she is going to die. Her head gets cleared for a moment, and she understands the Misfit and his inner person. But it is too late. In short, the passage is about sudden self-realization of one’s self-centeredness. Part II- Essay Questions Q. 1: Symbol in â€Å"The Hand† Colette has not only described the spiritual dominance of the husband in the short story â€Å"The Hand†, but has also described how physically dominant was he, by giving special focus on his hands. Hand depicts power, control, masculinity, and aggression. â€Å"†¦powerful knuckles and the veins engorged by the pressure on his arm† (Colette, qtd. in Meyer 241) shows how powerful the hands of the husband are, which basically portrays the height of male dominance. The powerful hands, the hair on the arms, and the wife’s feeling of lying with an anima l, all shows the animal-like fierceness and ruthless dominance exhibited by the husband. She thinks of the hands as â€Å"apelike†, and calls them â€Å"claws†, which strengthens the symbolic meaning of hand. At one point, the wife describes hand as â€Å"offended, reared back and tensed up in the shape of a crab and waited, ready for battle† (Colette, qtd. in Meyer 242), which again depicts the animal like ferocity and domination. The man can make his hand defensive when the wife feels disgusted. This shows the level of prowess and cleverness the

Theatre Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Theatre - Essay Example He had what was described as a rough childhood as he was often described as being effeminate which his father, an alcoholic did not approve of, and his mother was described as being bipolar. Tennessee had a close relationship with his sister ‘Rose’ who later in life was discovered to be schizophrenic and spent much of her life in mental institutions. It was the case that Tennessee’s fear of falling into madness would plague him in later life and ultimately lead him into alcoholism and drug abuse. Rose ultimately had a lobotomy performed on her which left her more or less docile for the rest of her life. When Tennessee was young, his family moved to St. Louis where he attended Soldan High School . It became clear at an early age that Tennessee was a gifted writer and won a number of small awards for his short stories and plays. Tennessee attended the University of Misouri, Washington University, and the University of Iowa where he completed his undergraduate studies but by the late 1930’s he was studying and living in New York City. Probably what proved to be most influential on the writings of Tennessee Williams was living in New Orleans where in the late 1940’s he began writing a Streetcar named Desire arguably one of his most famous works. It was during this time that Tennessee began a homosexual relationship wit a man named Frank Merlo. As one recognizes from the works of Tennessee Williams it is the case that he often used alcoholism, mental health issues, and homosexuality as cornerstones of his works. However it was during the time that Tennessee was living with Merlo that he arguably completed his most notable works, arguably this is owing to the relative stability that this relationship brought to his life. According to the library at thinkquest (2010) it is the case that Williams had published thirty eight plays, nine works of fiction, and

Islamic Accounting and Reporting Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Islamic Accounting and Reporting - Assignment Example The time period is also referred to as Ijarah period (Siddiqui, n.d.). The Ijarah contract is based on Islamic principles and has emerged as a popular asset financing concept. This contract is also used for transactions related to employment and hire of services. This contract of Ijarah is a mode of financing which provides customers with short to medium term financing to lease items such as buildings, real estates, computers, equipments, machineries and other items which are not forbidden of haraam. The contract is almost similar to conventional leasing contract but not identical to it (Ibrahim, 2001). The Ijarah rental amount is paid in installments over the time to cover the costs or the value of the investment for the bank in addition to the fair return on the investment (Ghuddah, 2007). In Ijarah the ownership of the asset is not transferred to the lessee. Risk associated with the ownership of the assets should remain with the banks and the asset is supposed to be reverted to th e bank at the end of Ijarah period. The cash flows of the asset are structured in such a way that they cover the price of the asset and provide a return on the same. Some of the important features of the Ijarah contract are as follows: ïÆ'Ëœ The asset which has been leased must have a valuable use that is compliant with the Shari’a laws. ïÆ'Ëœ ... Usufruct means the right of using another’s property for profit (Abdullah, 2010). The rental payment must occur after the delivery of the leased asset. For example by giving the keys of the building to the lessee musta’jir. If there is a loss to the usufruct then the Ijarah contract stands terminated (Shariff and Rahman, n.d.) Islamic accounting is less accepting towards the concept of time value of money and that is why in Ijarah accounting the lease and the transfer amount will be accounted as separate transaction even if these transactions are linked with each other (Malaysian Accounting Standards Board, 2010). In conventional leasing it is acceptable to have a lease and sale in one accounting transaction; however to have more than one accounting transaction with more than one result is prohibited in Islamic accounting. The results derived from the lease transaction differ from the sale transaction and that is why they cannot be combined into a single transaction und er Islamic accounting which is also known as Akad. In conventional leasing finance there are usually two types of leases known as operating lease and financial lease. In operating lease the lessor owns the asset and bears the risk and the maintenance costs. In financial lease the ownership of the asset remains with the lessor and the risk and operating costs are borne by the lessee. Conventional leasing provides options to the lessor and lessee to terminate the lease contract unanimously. Ijarah contract on the other hand gives option to the lessor and lessee to terminate the contract within a stipulated time frame. This option is valid for a particular time period under the framework of Al-Khiyar. In conventional leasing, in case of termination of the contract, the remaining rental payment

TREASURY & RISK MANAGEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

TREASURY & RISK MANAGEMENT - Essay Example The TMEM’s president had to come up with a proposal, on how to reduce and even eliminate the losses, and present it to the company CEO in Japan. Therefore, this case analysis will seek to provide possible reasons that could have forced the company to delay shifting its manufacturing centers for European market to Europe. Also, analysis of both the effects that could have been experienced if the Euro had joined European Monetary Union and other factors on the company’s situation will be provided. Next, possible problems leading to the losses being experienced by the company will be categorized into either short term or long term. The final part of analysis will provide recommendation of appropriate measures that the company should have taken to resolve the problems. There are a number of reasons that might have forced Toyota to delay in moving its manufacturing for European sales to Europe. The most probable reasons could be associated with the depreciation of Euro against major currencies, the expected costs of setting up the plant, availability of labor, anticipated risks of either losing their intellectual property as a result of theft, need for up-to-date innovations, strategic problems as well as feeling of being unprepared. To begin with off shoring manufacturing to Europe without a clear thought of plan could have resulted into two strategic problems (Wood 2009). One of the strategic problems is logistical issues. Spreading out manufacturing activities without having a good plan in place could expose the company to unexpected disruption of important supplies. Although the need to offshore manufacturing to Europe could have been appropriate in enabling the company to compete with its rivals, responding to customers’ needs could hav e been a problem (Bessis 2011). The other reason that could have resulted to a delay in shifting manufacturing to Europe

Individual project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Individual project - Research Paper Example 1). The U.S. has been attacked a number of times by terrorists. Appreciating the potential damage that biological weapons may do to the country if they landed on the hands of terrorists, the U.S. recently called for closer international cooperation to keep terrorists and biological weapons apart. The U.S. government believes that the threat of biological weapons against its citizens is growing as noted by Nebehay & Mohammed (par. 2). This is especially the case given that the ability of non-state actors and terrorists to develop biological weapons is increasing. Set against this background, a study was conducted featuring 52 respondents on the threat of biological weapons. The respondents included eight current senior policy makers (CSP), 19 former senior policy makers (FSP), and 25 experts (EXP). The data set was downloaded from the Carnegie Endowment for Peace Website. The study on the threat of biological weapons is significant considering that the development and use of biological weapons against the U.S. would possibly lead to numerous deaths and would greatly impact on the country’s healthcare system. By extension, such a threat would probably shake the country’s economy. From the statistics, it is clear that all the respondents felt that biological weapons pose at least some threat to the country. Roughly 73% of the respondents felt that biological weapons is a major threat to the country. The statistics also reveal that most of the respondents believe that the threat of biological weapons is increasing, as opposed to reducing. While no respondent felt that the threat is reducing in any way, only 17% of them felt that the threat of the weapons is neither increasing nor reducing. Given that the threat of biological weapons is real and seems to be growing according to the majority of respondents, it would be advisable for the U.S. to take active measures to prevent other countries and non-state actors from developing

TREASURY & RISK MANAGEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

TREASURY & RISK MANAGEMENT - Essay Example The TMEM’s president had to come up with a proposal, on how to reduce and even eliminate the losses, and present it to the company CEO in Japan. Therefore, this case analysis will seek to provide possible reasons that could have forced the company to delay shifting its manufacturing centers for European market to Europe. Also, analysis of both the effects that could have been experienced if the Euro had joined European Monetary Union and other factors on the company’s situation will be provided. Next, possible problems leading to the losses being experienced by the company will be categorized into either short term or long term. The final part of analysis will provide recommendation of appropriate measures that the company should have taken to resolve the problems. There are a number of reasons that might have forced Toyota to delay in moving its manufacturing for European sales to Europe. The most probable reasons could be associated with the depreciation of Euro against major currencies, the expected costs of setting up the plant, availability of labor, anticipated risks of either losing their intellectual property as a result of theft, need for up-to-date innovations, strategic problems as well as feeling of being unprepared. To begin with off shoring manufacturing to Europe without a clear thought of plan could have resulted into two strategic problems (Wood 2009). One of the strategic problems is logistical issues. Spreading out manufacturing activities without having a good plan in place could expose the company to unexpected disruption of important supplies. Although the need to offshore manufacturing to Europe could have been appropriate in enabling the company to compete with its rivals, responding to customers’ needs could hav e been a problem (Bessis 2011). The other reason that could have resulted to a delay in shifting manufacturing to Europe

Economic Depression Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Economic Depression - Essay Example Economists and policymakers are concerned with these fluctuations and their effects to the economy. A typical business cycle goes through the stages of peak, recession, trough and recovery. Each stage of the business cycle shows the effects of fluctuations in the level of output and employment in the economy. During peak stage, the economy is near or at full capacity, as reflected by high level of output, rising prices and full employment. This is usually followed by a recession which if severe and prolonged causes economic depression. Recessions are as irregular as they are common (Mankiw 1997). At this stage, there is a decline in the total output, income, employment and trade. This results from the contraction of the business activities of the sectors in the economy. Because of these downfall, the general price level is also likely to fall and if the economy cannot recover from this period, economic depression will occur. Economists continue to debate about the causes of economic depression. They argued that it is due to decline in spending on goods and services because of the decline income. Their view uses the spending hypothesis as their explanation. This hypothesis blames the uncertainty about future growth that makes consumers consume less and save more of their incomes. This is what exactly the problem of China now.

Literature Review: the Indian Banking System

Literature Review: the Indian Banking System Literature reviews that Indian banking system consist of a larger structure on of financial institutions, Commercial banks, foreign financial institutions. These structural transformations of Indian finance system can be divided into three parts. First, the post independence period (1947-1968). The Reserve bank of India, performed role as a supervisor and controller of finance system. RBI, dominated over all the forms of finance controls in India. In this time RBI, worked on financial stability, credit control, and regulation of interest rates and formation banking structure. The second financial repression, period the movement commenced with the nationalization of banks. This nationalization of commercial banks derives the base for changes in finance and banking system. The result into interest rate regulation and credit programmers deposit and banking working methods etc. The third period known as financial reform and liberalization period. Started in early 90s. In that period gov ernment of India was more likely to more liberalized. The three committee in 1985, vagual in 1987 and the Narasimham committee 1991. The most influential recommendations made by the committee of Narasimham regarding liberalization, consolidation and privatization in banking system. And the government of India started a financial reform era with the financial sector liberalization program. The main aims of financial liberalization program is to regulate the rates of interest, cash reserves and performance financial system consist of financial institute stocks exchanges and banks. It makes liberalization program enhance the importance of banking sector and make it more efficient and competitive. The globalization, deregularisation and privatization system emphasized on Washington consensus. These leads country to simplistic way of transforming system by functioning of market and state owned institutions restructuring. The liberalization program made changes internal economy. It restated more competitive and productive in shorter period. The liberal interest rates and reserve limits of banks resulted into stable and sound borrowing and lending market and monetary policy of government. The bank requires to keep certain amount of reserves to avoid too uncertainty an future due to competitive market another element of banking reforms is stabilization, non performing loan, which burdensome for banks are recapitalized and require standard working environment one of the most effective part is alteration of state owned banks into private sector banks. Under the government controls state owned banks recommends to sell out its public portion to private sector and consume the public pr operty in other economic project which needs more funds and these funds are taken from the privatization of state owned banks. Under the Nationalization act 1969, the largest banks were nationalized with the aim of increase in public deposits. The reason behind the nationalization of banks to grow the economy and bank network expansion. The government of India requires enhancing the economy and serving to prior areas. In 1980, more six banks were nationalized added into public share in banks to keep landing to priories areas. It was material to control on banking system and resulted into increase in priority area landing and five year plans of Indian Government. Moreover, these turned into inefficiency in banking system instead of providing equal distribution of funds. Addition banking system faced problems in 1980s these are the period of unprofitability and inefficiency and in mid 80s creates more limitations on returns and capital and reserves. These leads banks to the unrealistic performance standards. As mention above the 1991 Narasimham committee caters a influencing idea on banking sector reforms whic h idealized on interest rate deregulation, credit services and entry of new banks on Indian market private as well as foreign banks. Before the committee, interest rates were medium of subsidiary between different sectors of economy. Deregulation of interest rates was major part of making reforms that gave growth to financial savings and improve organizational finance system. On the other hands committee recommended total liberalization on deposits rates. In 2004 RBI set only rates for the savings and NRI deposits rates rest of the other deposits banks are free to levy their rates. The last major recommendation of committee was on entry of new banks in Indian market. Before it was a limited authority to the banks to do with interest rates and deposits, there were totally restrictions for new banks entry. Due to liberal view of new banks entry in Indian market seven private and twenty foreign banks started their operations in India after 1990. As per RBI (2004), the liberal aspect of new banks entry improved the quality of operation, risk management, technological changes and competition. In addition, before 1990 public sector bank distorted market system by its non profitability and inefficient management. To recover the stability in market Government inject more funds in 1993 and 1999 to liquidate the government and depositors bear loses through public sector banks. In 1995 SBI act framed partial privatization of public sector banks and SBI was the first bank to get funds in form of equity and become private sector bank. Despite of partial privatization Government decide to increase the private holding up to 49 percentage and to control banking system appointment was made for a public agent to control administrative strategies after all the changes have been made the Indian banking sector covers several changes and explore the improvement effect. In case of privatization of Indian banks there are only interest rates, credit control and deposits rates to know the changes in economy are increase in savings. It predicts the removal of deposit policy in baking will lead to increase in capital availability these can make changes in private sector capital formation. The interest rates make vary forms the fixed deposit rates, lending rates are increased and steadily decline in 1990 which effect on todays market. The Repressioninst policy reduction improves the risk management of banks it is an indication of liquidity. The liberalization treated as an instrument of financial policy reformation of credit rates and statutory lending rates the division of two rates in minimum and maximum can gradually effect the repressive of monetary policy. As the liberalization program aimed to make banks more efficient and productive to compose the efficiency of banking sector based on technical efficiency, scale and scope efficiency called parametr ic and non parametric efficiency. The parametric methods considered banking returns and input like production and profit, cost, revenue to know how effective bank is performing. In Indian traditional economy needed to lift the banking sector through technological changes, global market, economic pressure and bank crisis forced to change in way of doing business in traditional way. It helps in increase in competition at local market by removal of interest rates on current account, deposit rates. More competition enhanced the service of banks in free services, capital formation and mergers. The Indian economy faces various challenges due to privatization. First, the government unable to consider the running of nationalized banks during 1997-1998 crises. In this period government cannot pressure the security holders to disclose their holding and these creates problems in negotiation of foreign bank partners and for debt forgiveness issues. Though state owned banks serves qualitative and respectable task in banking sector. In India, state owned banks only work on remote areas like rural and urban banking. Alternatively some credit unions and financial institutio n also seems, in remote areas state owned banks encourage small and medium enterprises by lending programmers, in crisis time state owned banks has quick time to deal. The cycle time is quicker than private banks some time lack of local infrastructure for finance, government organization only is the way to get hands. These are the way state owned serves public and make quality service against less return against service. Privatization Experience and Issues The privatization in recent years, the way to sell out some states to some financial institutions foreign organization. Other way government directly sell its parts to public in form of equity in stock market. These method might be useful to countries state owned banks because lack of supervision of bank management, another thing is to transparent operations before it privatized, because of they need to know the what they are buying. The bad factor during privatization was bank commercialization and collection of loans. Globalization suggest the more effective completion partially nationalize banks therefore moved to fully privatized in short period for operational efficiency later on the issue arise on reserving some share for state. The share of state in private banks derives the powers to influence the decision making and strategies of banks. The way accepting a state ownership becomes a better option. Mergers and consolidation and efficiency The banking system consists of various institutions in size, ownership, competitive profitability, structure and technology. The relationship between profitability and size of bank is relative, smaller number in having loss making institution and lager organization has very advantage over small organization like return on capital. But smaller banks have good efficiency in work while large organization. Above state bank consolidation is new phenomenon for competition due to entry of foreign banks, privatization and deregulisation. Crises deregulisation and globalization causes increase in the foreign banks in economy, there is no doubt that the region has become more open for foreign has become more open for foreign banks. The foreign bank entries enhance the quality of banking services foreign participation load to foreign international trade and membership of the European union and these will turn domestic banks into foreign banks and assist home country to provide service abroad. As foreign banks came in India, they serving large corporate customers and no service for ruler and small sized organization they are unattended. The risk of pricing is in foreign banking is more likely. If risk was proper than organization have advantage because the foreign banks entry is dangerous because of distribution and a market imperfection reasons. There is a plenty of literature on the bank efficiency but in the developing country it concerns to banking performance on maintenance acquisition and regulation and mergers. There are various hypothesis to measure the efficiency of banks but due to mix results if enable to derive the proper result. Deregulation in various country will goes very well in developing country. The mergers and acquisitions are improves the efficiency. The improvement efficiency is mainly generating higher output than input, revenue than costs. Micro economy theory provides the framework for effective banking, in the developing country due to lack of completion. They started reforming economy with deregulation. Deregulisation give more freedom to banks and thus if increase in bank cost and technical progress of liberalization. The state ownership banks aims to fulfill public aims and government plans. The non economic goals such as provide low rate leading, loans and interest rates stability. It called public owned bank but there is no access for common people to participate in management actions. The collective decision making process lead management to inefficient last the state bank is the support from government and gets benefit to inefficient management. Over the last two decades. Many countries are availing to go with private state owned banks. Privatization is the way of improvement in efficiency. Privatization brought drastic changes in ownership of Indian banking sector from government to private, private and local control to foreign control. Privatization deals in change in corporate field and looking for improvement. Ownership push the organization toward divestment mechanism to improved management structure. Berger argues that the examination of bank efficiency is varied in form of static, dynamic and selective on performance. Even though, bank efficiency is improves any in different structured banks. By Appling a vital concept of bank efficiency gives more detail literature for privatization liberalization affect and foreign institution participation with respect of developing economy and Indian finance system. The financial reforms provide so many improvements in Indian economy. First, improvement In financial structure of banking industry there is more sophisticated and define process carried between intermediate banks and financial institutions. The lowering the statutory-emption had lowered and that turn to provide more finance for commerce in India. The structure of intrest rates become more gradual and independe nt so many banks can provide better loans and landing system makes easy and vast so financial exchange become fast and reliable. To enhance the performance of public sector banks are recapitalized and put some restrictions on management and allow public agents in area of operation so that it become more trustworthy. The micro prudential measure improves the bank working conditions to cope up with international standard practice the result banks improves their working conditions in just 90 days and gave more competitive and safety. The liberalization process gives many good results but it has many drawbacks too. According to world development report , the liberalizations in order to count the risk as a market reforms whereas the financial conditions are differ from the expected. The crisis of 1992 many banks were affected and these resilience filled by the government in sense of pouring money in deficits. The reforms brought technological changes in banking sector many new foreign ba nks had fast network of working and technology, network payments, electronic transfers these turns into best banking practice developed.

Interpretations of Slavery Essay -- Slavery Essays

Interpretations of Slavery INTRODUCTION Slavery is known to have existed as early as the 18th century B.C. during the Shang Dynasty of China. Slavery was widely practiced in many other countries, including, Korea, India, Greece, Mexico and Africa. (Britannica 288-89). When most people consider slavery, however, they think of Western slavery in North America because it is well documented and it was such a horrible institution. Even though there is no one definition of slavery, the people who study it (historians, anthropologists and sociologists) agree that certain characteristics are present in all forms of slavery. Slaves were property and objects, not subjects of the law. Slaves had few rights, always fewer than their owners. Slave were also limited to few social activities and were not allowed to participate in political decisions. Finally, any earnings aquired by slaves by law belonged to their master. Also, slaves were prevented from making their own choices regarding physical reproduction. Western slavery took each o f these slave characteristics to a new level and as a result there are many authors who wrote about the evil institution of slavery in the Colonies. American literature is full of authors who describe, condone or oppose slavery, the most informative and influential of whom were Black writers because many were able to give a personal perspective on slavery. These Black writers had to struggle to be accepted as literary writers before they could get their message across. "The tradition of black writing in the United States is, in many ways, a history of attempts at literary liberation from racism-attempts to articulate in a specifically black context the characteristic American themes of freedom and self-determ... ...d by Henry Louis Gates, Jr., Penguin Group Publishing, New York, 1987. Costanzo, Angelo. Surprizing Narrative, Olaudah Equiano and the Beginnings of the Black Autobiography, New York: Greenwood Press, 1987. Douglass, Frederick. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, Edited by Henry Louis Gates, Jr., Penguin Group Publishing, New York, 1987. Equiano, Olaudah. The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano or Gustavus Vassa, the African, Edited by Henry Louis Gates, Jr., Penguin Group Publishing, New York, 1987. Hughes, Langston, Milton Meltzon. A Pictorial History of the Negro and America, New York: Crown, 1968. O'Neale Sondra. "Olaudah Equiano," Dictionary of Literary Biography, American Writers of the Early Republic, ed. Emory Elliot. Vol 37. Princeton: Bruccoli, Clark and Layman Book, 1985. "Slavery." The New Encyclopedia Britannica. 1995 ed.

The Hypocrisy of Teaching American History Essay -- American History

The Hypocrisy of Teaching American History Reading, writing and arithmetic, these three subjects are the basic outline for American schools. In those subjects, where does history fit in? Some believe that teachers avoid history because of how corrupt America has been. James W. Loewen, author of Lies My Teacher Told Me, says, "Parents may feel undermined when children get tools of information not available to adults and use them in ways that seem to threaten adult-held values." (Loewen 296.) The adults had to learn the same false history children are being taught today. By teaching children the truth about history, are adults risking the authority they hold along with adult-held values? "Learning social studies is to no small extent, learning to be stupid." (LMTTM 298.) What happens when history teachers and textbooks lie? Not only will the children grow up to be uneducated, but they'll continue to teach the same lies to their own children. The excuse most teachers use, according to Loewen, is they "feel they are supposed to defend and endorse America." (LMTTM 289.) If teachers told students about Woodrow Wilson being racist, Columbus forcing Indians into slavery, or how the FBI worked against the civil rights movement then children would be too aware of how the world works. Is this necessarily a bad thing? No, because the truth is always better than a lie, regardless of how ugly it may be. In order to be a truly good American, children must learn this country's true his...

Educational Histories Of Korean Americans Essay

The first emigration of Korean’s occurred in the eighth century when they immigrated to Japan because of famine, high government taxes and natural resources. Towards the end of 19th century, few Koreans moved to the US. Initially, only three political refugees migrated in 1885, followed by five others in 1899. Five years later, 64 Koreans joined them to attend theological institutions in Hawaii and were later repatriated upon completion of their studies. The Japanese and Chinese were among the major workers working in Hawaii but were not allowed to work in the US. The aggressive marketing strategy saw Hawaii as the journey to the top where in 1905, over 7000 mainly bachelors had been recruited plantations of which only 2000 made it back to their families because of the expensive lifestyle of Hawaii. The Japanese government was angered by increasing Korean migration to the US, and banned further migration from peninsula in 1905. This relaxed in 1907 by the Gentlemen Agreement Act that allowed Korean husbands to join their wives in the US. Education History of American Koreans The American Korean education history started in 1907 and 1923 majority being students and political refugees who escaped assassination from the oppressive Japanese government. Notable among the political refuges was Syngman Rhee became the first president of South Korea. He emigrated as a student and graduated with a doctorate from the famous Princeton University in 1910 and later launched a protest against the government of Japan. He later escaped to US when he was hunted to be arrested. Migration rules became stringent allowing only women and the quota system was introduced by the US that restricted more 150 Koreans per year. Immigration rules were twisted to give preference to professionals, with technical skills where Korean women who were married to American military were naturalized following McCarran-Waltern 1952 act. The 1965 Immigration and Naturalization Act phased out the quota system where by Rules were relaxed and gave preference to Koreans with relatives in American and to professionals. Their education was highly valued and encouraged. Students were put under pressure to excel in academics to increase their chances of employment. In 1980 the figure of Korean American’s who were over 25 years of age with a high school education stood at 78. 1% against an overall 65% for all Americans. About 33. 7% were four year college graduates against a low of 16. 2 for the whole US population. Korean Americans have been known to do well in sciences but they still perform better in other subjects. American Koreans have grown significantly to 1. 3 million at the beginning of this century. Cultural stereotypes propagated through generations have effectively contributed to this gender imbalance in educational training and employment. Women have had to content with domestic chores whereas society has exempted men from such responsibilities. The job market has greatly discriminated Korean American women despite their high professions as doctors, teachers, lawyers and engineers which resorted to working as typists, cashiers, clerks especially in textile industries Language barrier contributing being perceived passivity. During the migration they were barred from taking formidable employment in the US by restrictive discriminatory rules on citizenship leading to lower paying jobs as waiters, houseboys, janitors which were poorly remunerated and some ended up opening up private businesses. Sample Research questions From the history of American Koreans above the following research questions come up 1. How has Korean culture and religion been influenced by American Korean education? 2. How did culture, language and education affect Korean immigrants in employment? 3. Has western education benefited American Koreans? 4. How has cultural stereotypes affected education among American Korean women? 5. What is the perception on Korean American in their home country?

Joining Charles

How Is Charles? Thesis on â€Å"Joining Charles† â€Å"Joining Charles† written by Elizabeth Bowen tells the story of the young woman Louise who is going to shift to France as it is the place where her husband Charles works and lives. The story takes place on the morning of her depature in the White House which is the home of Charles’ family and Louise isn’t happy about herself joining Charles in France. Even though Charles isn’t the protagonist of the story and doesn’t interact at all, he is present throughout the whole story. Louise constantly thinks about him and how it is going to be for her in France and in the future with Charles together. She doesn’t seem to like him at all. This emotion becomes obvious in many parts of the story when she thinks about him. Louise doesn’t want to get a baby of Charles, she turns her head away from his picture in the morning and in the end she doesn’t know what to tell to the mother of charles most probably because her whole attitude towards Charles is so repellent and it would be very unlikely something positive. Yet the reader can only guess how Charles actually is as there is no clear description of him, nor does he interact at all. The only hints to his character gives the oneeyed cat Polyphemus which can talk according to Louise, some phrases of charles’ sisters and mother and the thoughts of Louise. The cat doesn’t have any good experiences with Charles and asks Louise to ask Charles what had happend to his other eye. Louise is the only one who can understand Polyphemus and the sisters interprete the cat’s behaviour different. For them Polyphemus loves Charles and thats why he spends so much time with Louise. The sisters see Charles as a brother who takes care of them. They look up to him and make him in their thoughts to a perfect lover, brother and son. Even if his arrangements gives them disadvantage they remain nice as they are ‘good souls’ how Louise calls them. For the mother Charles is a kind of hero, someone who is ‘sensitive, gallant, generous, a knightly person and who is transcending modern conventions’. But still she realizes that Louise isn’t really happy. Perhaps she somehow knows how Charles really is and that is why she tells Louise in the end that ‘marriage isn’t easy and that many things might be difficult’. From other parts of Louises thoughts the reader comes to know how he takes part in the family life. He isn’t really interested in how the family goes, asks only very unintimate things and makes kind of fun of his sister’s feelings. All in all Charles doesn’t seem to be a very nice person more likely an egostic and perhaps evem evil character. All those who have been really close to him don’t want to interact with him. Louise aswell as the cat don’t seem to have good experiences with him. The sisters mostly don’t see him the way he really is because he seemed to be always nice. He perhaps kind of bedazzeld them, them and his mother but as for the mother it is not clear how she actually thinks of him. The perfect son image which is created doesn’t stand with her last action. That gives another hint that he is a rather bad, egostic and ‘difficult’ person.