Julius Caesar Essay Example for Free

Julius Caesar EssayBrilliant people commit to what they believe is significant to them. In Julius Caesar, Brutus betrays his better friend. Brutus has numerous an(prenominal) significant qualities such as being sincere, respectable, and philosophical. However, he does have a few negative characteristics such as experiencing under ones control, betraying upon others, and easily giving up easily on himself. In the end, Brutus commits suicide. From the play Julius Caesar, Brutus is a distinguished person because his persistent intentions are devotedly pure.Brutus is sincere, honorable, and philosophical which makes up his superior characteristics. Brutus believes his role assassinating of Julius Caesar is for the good of Rome. Cassius proclaims Till then, think of the world (Shakespeare 1110). He believes this because Cassius persuades him to accept his beliefs by mentioning the people of Rome. Brutus says For let the gods so speed me as I love the name honor more than I fear d eath (Shakespeare 1103). Brutus is an honorable man because he does everything with interest on his country.In addition, Brutus also does what he feels is right which also helps him with achieving his honor. Brutus lets his philosophies ply his decisions and actions. Furthermore, Brutus allows Antony to speak at Caesars funeral and deciding to risk everything in one battle which risks the entire purpose of the conflict because Antony may non be trustable. Although Brutus has many admirable traits, he also has some unfavorable traits. Brutus is easily swayed by powerful men, betraying his comrade, and giving up on himself.Brutus asks Into what dangers would you lead me, Cassius that you would have me seek into myself. For that which is not in me? (Shakespeare 1103) Cassius tells Brutus that Caesar is a threat to the people of Rome which leaves Brutus unhappy. Brutus is unhappy because he believes in Cassius persuasion. Brutus main flaw is how he is easily swayed between sides whic h shows that he is unaccented to control. Brutus says Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more (Shakespeare 1145). In addition, Brutus betrays his close friend, Caesar and joins the conspiracy.Brutus joins the conspiracy because he chooses his beloved Rome over Caesar. Romans value loyalty as one of the grandest Roman virtues. Furthermore, Brutus is unconfident about his fight against Antony, Octavius, and Lepidus. Brutus is unconfident because Cassius is gone and he is left alone so he decides to commit suicide. Brutus says donjon then my sword, and turn away thy face while I do run upon it (Shakespeare 1181). Due to the situation, Brutus situation causes a terrible outcome. Brutus life results in his give birth death.Brutus has a difficult decision to make to kill Caesar which creates an internal conflict. Brutus is convinced to kill Caesar because he feels that Caesar will not make a great leader. As a result, he decides to kill Brutus alongside Cassius and t he conspirators. Since, Brutus decides to kill Caesar, it becomes the right thing to do because Brutus is an honorable man and people believe in whatever he does. Brutus says Caesar, now be still. I killed not thee with half so good a will (Shakespeare 1181) in his last breath.Brutus commits suicide as a mixed bag of revenge for Caesar. Finally, Brutus succeeds in killing Caesar as well as himself. His death is a good thing because he ends all of the chaos between Antony and him. Brutus is a man who follows his beliefs which then leads him into a mess. Strato says I held the sword, and he did run on it (Shakespeare 1182). Brutus successfully commits suicide as an honorable man. Antony says This was the noblest Roman of them all (Shakespeare 1182). His death ends the war between the two sides.In conclusion, people achieve their important beliefs. With exceptional qualities, Brutus portrays as a respectable man. In contrast, he shows inadequate traits such as disloyality. In the end, Brutuss life results in death. Sometimes, peoples lives do not resolute in their favor, because they must overcome certain obstacles. People often betray one another(prenominal) through selfish reasons. The desire for power can lead to ones demise. Riches in wealth and ruling will result to an evil tragedy.

Reflective Essay on Empowering Healthcare Professionals

Reflective Essay on Empowering Health safeguard ProfessionalsThis reflective account is going to explore a lecture that has changed my experience since the start of the nursing programme. I return chosen Gibbs (1998) reflective model to explore what I overhear learned, what my thoughts were before the lecture and changes. Therefore, to demonstrate an awareness of my accomplishment outcome. I would also be covering how this has helped me to develop an understanding on what to do during my practical placement.The NMC code 2015 outlined standards and core values nurses must follow, therefore, our lectures focussed around these to empower healthcare professionals to adapt to and deliver a quality service. The lecture I would be exploring emphasised on self-respect, importance of dignity and how to assist it. On a personal account, I thought I had a broad understanding of how to promote patients dignity. Nevertheless, after three hours of lesson on the subject, I have realized that there is a lot more to it. Dignity is a broad topic when properly studied. Dignity is a powerful tool that nonify determine a persons life and relationship with others suggested by Hinks, D. 2013. The poem what do you see? RCN, 2017, demonstrates the power of dignity. The poem represents a woman who is beseeching to be seen for who she is, not an old woman but someone who had lived a full life with findings and emotions reinforcing the value of providing person centred care (RCN,2017).My feelings throughout the lesson changed considerably, leaving me to desire more of the lesson. Matti and Baillie (2011) proposed dignity as our innate value, merit and worth as human worlds. To this end, the lecturer emphasized on respect making it clear that respecting people and making them feel worth is not just about caring for them, rather, it takes into consideration the whole process of how we approach and visu all(prenominal)y demonstrating dignity to the patients. I found that the NMC c ode (2015), evince that as nurses, we have a duty of care to reach out for the physical, emotional, psychological, social and spiritual needs of our patients. So, give a holistic care by taking into consideration the individual as a whole. Hence, we need to prioritize patients care and dedicate time to them by preserving and promoting dignity through effective confabulation and supportive relationships. Emphasizing on these, it incorporated within me a sense of awkwardness and to realise how significant it is for me as a person to be valued. pursuance the Poem What do you see? (RCN, 2017) I understood how patients are treated inhumanely. I mat like it is more dangerous to ignore patients emotion as this may have a huge impact on their personality It made me apprehended that, as a student nurse my responsibility is to survey as part of a safeguarding team to raise concerns when I come across things that endanger patients worth and value according to the Local Government affilia tion (2012). I found social care Act 2012 and CQC (2016) reinforcing on the link between dignity, quality and safeguarding indicating that the nurses, however, were not promoting dignity and therefore do not show a good quality service so safeguarding is likely to decrease.The lecturer, also, underpinned the importance of personal appearance which connects to the concept of dignity because of the way uniform makes nurses feel and pretend and how their appearance has an impact on patients supported by Chochinovs (2007) ABCD Framework (attitude, behaviour, compassion and dialogue) which reinforces essential things nurses need to be aware of when delivering care.Subsequently, this lesson appeared to pose more challenges. I felt highly challenged to question and evaluate on the type of staff I might be. I was challenged to think differently following Chochinovs (2007) self-awareness tool which got me thinking about if I would be able to provide a quality service to my patients while t rying to promote dignity and what challenges I might face when transaction with safeguarding issues. However, after reflecting on myself and considering my attitude, behaviour, how I show empathy and compassion through communication, I felt confident to go out there and to demonstrate what I have learned with patients. I now feel like I am competent enough to fully and independently care for a person thence building a supportive relationship with them (Chochinovs 2007). Furthermore, this lecture helped me to comprehend the impact we as nurses can have on a patient as a person.In conclusion, dignity is how people feel, think and behave in relation to their worth or value. To treat someone with dignity is to show them as being worth and valued in a way that is exalt their diversity. Dignity may be endorsed or reduced by the physical setting, structural principles, approaches and deportment of others. When dignity is present, people feel in control, relaxed and able to make decisions for themselves, whereas when it is absent people feel devalued and lack control. Therefore, in my placement, I would do all the necessary things to ensure the value and worth of my patients, thus considering an approachable method of communication and rapport by making them feel at ease. Also, using person-centred care and empathy (RCN 2016).ReferencesCARE QUALITY COMMISSION (CQC). 2010. Essential standards of quality and safety. London HMSO.Chochinov (2007). Preserving patients dignity lends value to end of life AHC Media https//www.ahcmedia.com/articles/106003-preserving-patients-dignity-lends-value-to-end-of-life (accessed 24/02/17)Gibbs (1988) Reflective cycle. in stock(predicate) at https//hhs.hud.ac.uk/lqsu/Sessionsforall/supp/Gibbs%201988%20reflective%20cycle.pdf (Accessed 24/02/17)Hick, D. (2013) What Is the Real Meaning of Dignity? Psychology today. Available at https//www.psychologytoday.com/blog/dignity/201304/what-is-the-real-meaning-dignity-0 (Accessed 27/02/17)LGA (2 012) Dignity, quality and safeguarding adult Establishing Local Health Watch Health. Available at http//www.local.gov.uk/c/document_library/get_file?uuid=d0235875-2da8-4a5c-a655-2f3600663f5dgroupId=10180 (Accessed 24/02/17)MATITI, M.R. and BAILLIE, L., eds., 2011. Dignity in Healthcare a practical approach for nurses and midwives. London Radcliffe.NURSING MIDWIFERY COUNCIL (NMC). 2015. The code Standards of conduct, performance and morals for nurses and midwives. London NMCRCN (2017) Dignity and me Available at https//www2.rcn.org.uk/development/practice/cpd_online_learning/dignity_in_health_care/dignity_and_me (Accessed 24/04/15)

US Stock Market and GDP Analysis

US Stock Market and gross domestic product AnalysisStock PricesDefinitionStock (or sh be) which is sometimes know as equity is a claim to partial ownership or holdings of a firm.Initi ally, the original owners of a firm sell their shares or line of merchandise to gain additional argument certificates to finance the firm intricacy which washbasin be said as the owners sell part of the ownership of the firm to the stockholders. This is known as the Initial Public offering (IPO). After the IPO, the stocks can be sold and resold by the stockholders in the stock commercialise with the aim of gaining profitable returns through the price differences of the stock.Stock prices are persistent through trading on a stock exchange such as NASDAQ, SP calciferol and DJIA. Generally, stock prices recoil chargeor foretastes for future corporate earnings and thusly reflect for future stinting growth.The Origin of the Stock MarketThe stock foodstuff originated in Europe prior the industr ial revolution in the 1700s. numerous traders in the market wished to make investment in huge businesses but this could not be affordable with a single trader. Thus, they gathered their funds unneurotic to invest in a new business as partners (Grazian, 2008). This is similar to the practice of shares nowadays and has inspired the origin of the stock market.In the beginning, the stock market trading started on an informal note. The traders met at coffeehouse which was used as a market place in the 1700s. The commencement ceremony exchange was created in Philadelphia during 1800 and in New York during 1817 and finally the trading rules were formed (Grazian, 2008).In the United States, the first stock exchange took place in Philadelphia over 220 years ago which was known as the get on with of Brokers and the Board met at the coffeehouse. The Board of Brokers was posterior changed into the Philadelphia Stock Exchange in 1875 and it is now included in NASDAQ as NASDAQ OMX PHLX. The market became more(pre nominative) structured without manipulative auctions and a fair commission structure was formed. The group of stock brokers was reorganized and known as the New York Stock and Exchange Board in 1817 (Terrell, 2006).In 1896, the Dow J adepts Industrial Average (or the Dow) created by Charles Dow and star of his business associate, Edward Jones was first calculated. Along with other stock market superpower, such as NASDAQ and SP euchre, the Dow is one of the most closely indicant to track the stock market activity. Besides the Dow, SP Dow Jones Indices as well as line upd the SP 500 in 1957 (Standard and Poors, 2009). The SP 500 is more favorite(a) than other stock market indices as it is determined through a more diverse constituency and weighting methodology with 500 stocks chosen for market size, liquid state and industry grouping. It is recognized as the best representation of the U.S. stock market and also classified as a leading indicator for th e U.S. thriftiness. Thus, the stock indices from the SP 500 were used as the data in this study.c. Stock Prices As an frugal Indicator frugal indicators depart us a better idea of where the rescue is headed. There are two types of sparingal indicators, which are the leading indicators and the lagging indicators. Leading indicators often change before the stinting adjustment and thus can be used to predict the future economy whereas the lagging indicators reflect the economys past performance and only identifiable after the economic adjustment.Stock market is a leading indicator. Most people will first look at the stock market performance first when spill the beans about the economic trends although it is not the most important indicator. This is because stock prices mainly depends on the expected earnings of the domestic firms, thus it can indicate the economy trend if the estimated earnings are accurate. A strong market usually followed with economy expansion while a down ma rket always leads to economic downturn.However, it is undeniable that here are inherent flaws for stock prices to act as a leading indicator for the future economy performance. Firstly, the estimated earnings can be inaccurate. Secondly, the vulnerability of stock market which is probably adjusted or manipulated. For example, the government can manipulate the market to keep it high via various strategies to avoid everyday from panicking of economic crisis and the traders and corporations can manipulate the market via high-volume trades or other strategies. Thus, the true underlying strength or esteem of stock prices may become unprovable due to its vulnerability to be manipulated. Thirdly, the stock market is also susceptible to the creation of bubbles (Binswanger, 2004), which may convey false information about the economys direction. economic ActivityDefinitionThe goal of economic activity is to produce goods and services in order to fulfill the needs and wants as well as to im prove the social welfare.Economic activities are related to production, distribution, exchange and consumption of goods and services at all level in the society. Furthermore, economic activities can be defined as human activities which are performed in exchange for money or moneys worth, in other words, economics activities are those efforts performed by human to earn income, money, wealth and to maximize their satisfaction of wants with scarce means.The primary aim of the economic activity is to produce goods and services with an objective to make them usable to the consumers. Thus, gross domestic product (or gross domestic product) is one of the common ways to assess the economic activity. In this study, the economic activity is also represented by the indicator of gross domestic product.The Origin and History of gross domestic productThe idea of gross domestic product (gross domestic product) arose during the period post-carnage of the Great Depression and World War II in 1930s. gross domestic product which was described as the ultimate measure of a countrys overall welfare, a window into an economys soul and the statistic to end all statistics was used widely and globally and become the defining economic indicator in the last century (Dickinson, 2011).Simon Kuznets, an economist at the National Bureau of Economic Research introduced a formula to determine gross domestic product to the U.S. Congress in 1937.The original formulation of GDP was essential as it included all economic production in a race. However, Kuznets formula was not being widespread utilized until the Bretton Woods conference created World Bank in 1944. After that, GDP was used widely as a tool to determine the nations economic condition. Although there are few economists questioned on the accuracy of GDP in measuring overall economic welfare, the GDP is still widely used now (Bureau of Economic Analysis, 2008).GDP is also described as one of the great invention in the 20th century becau se without this invention, economists, researcher and policymakers could not prepare played their role effectively with the unorganized data.GDP As an Economic IndicatorUnlike the stock prices which serve as leading indicator, GDP serves as lagging indicator which changes after the economy adjustment. Although lagging indicators do not show the direction of economic trend, they reflect how the changes in economy over time.GDP is a tool that typically recognized by economists to measure the economic welfare. Increase in GDP indicates that the economy is strong while decrease in GDP indicates that the economy is weak. As stated previously, GDP is not a flawless indicator, many economists questioned on its accuracy especially in the financial market as some strategies such as quantitative easing and prodigal government spending could have been carried out by the government to boost up the GDP of a nation.Despite of the flaw, as a lagging indicator, GDP is still a good determinant to measure the economic condition of a nation.Theories on Predictive Power of the Stock Price for the Future Economic ActivityThere are two theories in the theoretical literature on the forecasting ability of the stock prices for the future economic activities. The first supposition explains the forward looking at behavior of the stock market while the second theory discusses the causal effects of the stock prices on the economic activity (Croux Reusens, 2013). introductory Looking Behavior of the Stock MarketBased on the idea that the stock price is the present value of future dividends (Fama, 1990), the theory of forward looking behavior of the stock market arose.The purpose for the stockholders to own stock is to earn from the interest difference when the stock is resold or to earn the dividends from the corporation. The increasing stock prices reflect the higher expectation of stockholders to earn more dividends. As the dividend is a payment made by a corporation to its stockhol ders out of its profit, the add-on in expectation of stockholders towards future dividends gained indicates that there will be a rise in the corporations profit. Furthermore, the corporations profit is known to be positively correlated with the GDP of a nation, thus the rise in corporation will bring increment to the nations GDP. Therefore, a rise in the current expectation towards the nations future economic activity will definitely result in increase in the stock price.However, several(prenominal) researchers have argued that the vulnerable property of stock market to be manipulated may affect its predictive power towards the future economic activity. Stock prices may disport from their fundamental value due to the speculative bubbles (Binswanger, 2004). Speculative bubbles is a situation in which the securities pieces such as stock prices rise far above their true(a) value as a result of irrational exuberance rather than the basic underlying fundamentals of the market. This can attract investors or stock traders to invest in order to take advantage of the profits. After some time, the bubbles will eventually burst and causes the stock prices will drop below their market value before they reach the equilibrium again. Thus, from this phenomenon, stock prices may deviate from the fundamental value sometime and hence its predictive power will be reduced. asunder from that, the globalization of the investment market also may reduce the predictive power of stock prices towards the nations GDP (Mao Wu, 2007). This means that is foreign investment in the domestic activity which brings about increase in stock price, however, since it is the foreign investment, it may not bring direct impact on the nations GDP.Causal Effects of the Stock Prices on the Economic ActivityThe causal effects of stock prices on the economic activity can be seen through the activity of consumption and investment.The connection between the stock prices and consumption can be explained by the wealth effect (Modigliani, 1971). The wealth effect refers to the increase in spending which due to the increase in perceived wealth. The rise in stock prices will bring about an increase in the income and wealth of the stockholders, they may increase their consumption as a result from having higher purchasing power. Since consumption is positively correlated with the GDP, the increase in consumption as a result from the rise in stock prices will affect the nations GDP. However, Pearce (1983) argued that the wealth effect depends on the distribution of stock holders in the nation. For example, most of the stockholders in the United States are comprised of small groups of rich people who have lower propensity to spend out of wealth.Besides, the causal effect of stock prices on the economic activity can also be seen through the activity of investment which its impact is on the cost of superior. The cost of capital is the fund for a firm to finance its business. The sources for c apital can be varied from company to company such as equity financing and debt financing. Generally, the cost of capital is the weighted sum of the cost of equity and the cost of debt. With the increase in the stock price, the effective cost of equity will be reduced as a result from overvaluation of the stock price (Fischer Merton, 1984). Besides, cost of debt also will be lowered due to high stock prices as it could give some positive signals towards the lenders and thus raise the creditworthiness of the firms which would result in better loan condition (Morck et al., 1990).The Economy of the United StatesThere is lots of news late about the rapid growth rate of China absolutely furious pace for over the last decade and may overtake the United States to be the largest economy in the world. Nevertheless, the United States still keep the place of the largest economy in the world by far in the year of 2013.The United States has been property the place of the worlds largest economy for at least a century. With one third of the worlds millionaires and 40% of the worlds billionaires roost in the nation, the United States become the wealthiest nation in the world. The diversify economy and open market in the United States helps the economy to stay strong. The United States is also considered the largest manufacturer and the most influential financial markets in the world.Stock Prices in the United StatesThe United States is considered to have the most influential and largest financial markets in the world. nearly every large company in the US is traded on a Stock Exchange.This study employed SP 500 as the stock market indices to be analyzed as it is the best representation of the U.S. stock market with 500 stocks chosen for market size, liquidity and industry grouping through a more diverse constituency and weighting. var. 1.1 conviction plan for pull backly average of daily SP 500 stock price index in the United States (Source Economic Research, 2013)Figur e 1.1 shows the moving trend of stock prices in the period from first quarter of 1974 to third quarter of 2013. From the figure, the stock prices in the United States generally showed a move rising trend with a record of expansion from 1974 to 2000 with gradual increasing rate at the beginning and higher pace increasing rate later from 1993 to 2000. There were significant market downturns in 2002 and 2008.The stock prices reached the peak in the second quarter of 2000 and started to drop afterwards until the minimum point in the first quarter of 2003. This market downturn has been known as the market disunify of 2000. The causes for this crash are believed to be the corporation corruption, overvalued stocks and the emergence of day-traders or momentum investors. several(prenominal) strategies has been listed out by the government to overcome the crash, for example accounting reforms to have better disclosure of corporate balance sheet form and new rules are set for the day-traders to apply more restriction.Besides the market downturn of 2000, there was a market downturn in 2008 as well. From the figure, the stock price index continued to rise after the market crash in 2000 and reached at maximum point in the second quarter of 2007 but falls piecemeal afterward till the minimum point in the first quarter of 2009. This period was ranked among the most horrified financial market history in the United States. This market crash is believed to be caused by the corporate corruption and the mortgage crisis. The stock price indices continue to climb after the market crash of 2008.GDP of the United StatesThe United States has been the largest economy in the world in term of GDP level for at least a century.Figure 1.2 Time plot for quarterly GDP in the United States (Source OECD. StatExtracts, 2013)The figure 1.2 shows the time plot of GDP of the United States from first quarter of 1974 to third quarter of 2013. Generally, the GDP level in the United States showed a g radual increasing trend across the period.From the figure, there are slight decreases in the GDP level are shown in 1982 and 1991 as a result of economic crisis. In addition, a more significant fall of GDP level was shown in the third quarter of 2008 after a gradual increasing trend. The National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) declared that there was an economic recession since 2007. This economic fall is believed to be the result of mortgage crisis during that period.Relationship between Stock Prices and GDP of the United StatesThe United States is famous to be the largest economy and the most influential financial market in the world. The tradition connection of stock prices and GDP of the United States has always be the topic of interest to be study among the researchers.Figure 1.3 Time plot for quarterly GDP and quarterly average of daily Stock Price in the United States (Source Economic Research, 2013 and OECD. StatExtracts, 2013)Figure 1.3 shows the relationship between st ock prices and GDP in the time plot from first quarter of 1974 to third quarter of 2013. In the tradition connection of the stock price and GDP, stock price is believed to study the predictive power towards the GDP. From Figure 1.3, the stock prices generally moving in the same direction with GDP. However, the market crash in 2000 brought about economic expansion instead of the economic recession. This phenomenon goes against with the tradition relationship between stock price and GDP. However, the market crash of 2008 has successfully predicted the economic recession in 2008.Therefore, the contradict phenomena have again caught the attention of several parties to further study in the predictive power of stock price towards the GDP.ObjectiveAlthough the theories and the tradition relationship state that the stock prices contain the predictive power towards the future economic activity, there are several theoretical and empirical researchers have contradicted opinions. Moreover, the historical data of stock prices and GDP of the United States also show a general similar moving direction of the stock prices and GDP but the market crashes in 1987 and 2000 resulted in economic expansion instead of economic recession. This issue has again prompted the further research in the tradition relationship of the stock prices and the economic activity. Hence, the purpose of this study is to determine the predictive power of stock price on the future economic activity, i.e. future GDP in the United States.Scope of StudyThis study focuses on the United States which the quarterly data is obtained with the sampling period from first quarter of 1974 to third quarter of 2013. The national stock price index of the United States, SP 500 is chosen. The quarterly average of the daily index is calculated because it is believed to be more representative for the entire quarter than the value at the end of quarter. Besides, quarterly nominal GDP is chosen as the representative for the e conomic activity. Both data is expressed in the domestic currency with CPI base year of 1982.

Early Years Foundation Stage Guidelines

Early Years Foundation Stage GuidelinesHasana khanExplain the observation, sound judgment and provision cycle.The EYFS requires practicians to plan activities and play opportunities that leave alone nurse baberens defrauding while put forwarding the areas of learning within the EYFS. Practitioners must plan carefully so that individual pincerrens needs are met and that the activities and play opportunities help peasantren bestride towards their beforehand(predicate) learning goals. Planning, observation and measurement contribute to supporting the learning and discipline requirements of children. Observing individual children carefully kitty help to identify what their needs and engagements are. To retard that practitioners meet the needs of individual children it is important that the follow the observation, assessment and mean cycle. Observation is when practitioners observe/watch children to understand their interests, needs and learning styles. Observing children is a practiceful process as it provides selective cultivation which the practitioners can use to support the children when planning and preparing activities for them. Observations should be made in a range of contexts, for example they should be done during independent play, during everyday r extinctines and besides when the child is engaged in play with others.EYFS MAY 2008 planning should be flexible enough to adapt to circumstances. Observing children will also change practitioners to understand what their current salute of maturation is. With verboten the process of observation practitioners will non be able to fully support the children as they will not realize a distinctly idea on what the childs needs and interests are. Practitioners must ensure that they gain parents permission before they carry out every observations on the children because some parents may not want their child to be observed. During observation practitioners need to look, listen and record what they memorise in the observation, they must not involve themselves in the observation as it may affect what the child is doing. An assessment is when practitioners analyse observations to see what they tell them nigh a child. Accurate assessments enable practitioners to make judgements which lead to action to support individual children. They help all(prenominal) child to develop and learn by ensuring that the practitioners provide children with appropriate experiences and opportunities. Practitioners gather the information in their observations to identify aspects of the childs learning and development. By doing this it will enable them to assess what a childs needs and requirements are and how well(p) they can be supported. The final secernate of the cycle is planning, this is when practitioners because use the information that they have poised to plan for the child. This could include planning experiences and opportunities that the child could get from and also ensuring that the environment is sufficient and the child has access to appropriate resources. The practitioner will also need to plan what their role will be in supporting children with their learning and development. Practitioners must ensure that they include each area of learning and development through planning, purposeful play and through a cock of adult-led and child initiated activity. Practitioners must ensure that their planning reflects and supports childrens current interests, learning styles and the stage of development of each child. The planning process enables practitioners to contribute and understand the experiences that they have planned for the children. Practitioners can also ensure that parents and children have a voice in the planning process, for example children can contribution their feelings and activities that they want to take part in. Parents can also share their knowledge of their child and any additional support that they may require. Observation, assessmen t and planning all feed into one another(prenominal) and contribute to our knowledge approximately the child enabling the practitioners to fully support the needs, requirements, learning and development of each child.Describe how to develop planning for individual children.When works with children practitioners will find that they are required to plan activities and experiences for children which support their learning and development. EYFS MAY 2008 good planning is the key to making childrens learning effective, provoke varied and get on withive. Practitioners need to ensure that they plan activities which are linked with the different areas of learning within the EYFS. Practitioners must also ensure that they plan and cabal activities which meet the individual needs and requirements of the children. When planning for the children the practitioners need to bear in mind that whatever is planned for the child is age and stage appropriate and suitable for the child to take part in . There are many different sources that an individual can use the help them when planning for the children, for example each child has their own interests and preferences and they may enjoy playing more with some toys that they do with others. A practitioner can use a childs interest and make an activity more exciting and challenging for the child.This will also enable the child to learn new things as well as winning part in something that they enjoy doing. Regular observations and assessments support the practitioner when planning for a child because a lot of information can be impact as the practitioner is able to physically see what a child likes/dislikes doing. Observing the children helps the individual indentify a childs needs, interests and any additional support that they may require to support their learning and development. EYFS MAY 2008 planning should include all children, including those with additional needs. Practitioners must ensure that they make full use of the o bservations gained in mold to support the child and ensure that their needs are fully met. Within the setting the practitioners can work in partnership with parents/carers as stated in the EYFS in order to ensure that they are also included with their childs learning and development. Parents/carers will be able to share information with the practitioners about what the child is like at home and what interest and needs that they may have. Parents/carers can help the practitioners with planning for the children as they will be able to identify what area a child may need support with.Sharing ideas with colleagues can be helpful during planning as an individual may have noticed something about the child which was not noticed by anyone else, this can be useful as a child may be more close to one member of staff than they may be with another staff. There may be times when a practitioner is not always with the children so it is important that information is shared to ensure that all memb ers of staff are aware on the childs needs and interests. Within the setting some children may also be under the care of other professionals this is useful because the practitioners are then able to work alongside the professionals to share and also learn new ideas on how the child can fully be supported within each setting. The practitioners must ensure that at all times their planning reflects the different needs and interests of the children, the planning must also provide opportunities for the children where they are able to learn and gain new skills.Differentiate between formative and summative assessment methods.EYFS MAY 2008 make informed decision about the childs come near and plan coterminous steps to meet their development and learning needs. When working with children practitioners will find that settings will carry out progress reviews on childrens development, these can be done every six months or on an annually behind. The practitioners will be required to provide p arents with a progress report about the childs learning and development. This will give the parents an idea on what stage their child is at with their learning and development and whether or not they may require any additional support. Practitioners must ensure that they meet the individual needs of all children through following the requirements of the EYFS and it is important to deliver personalised learning, development and care to help children get the best possible start in life. There are two formal assessments, these are a completion of the progress report at age two and also completing the learning and progress journey of each child during their time at the nursery. To ensure that practitioners assess the children effectively they must analyse and review the information that they have about each childs learning and development. They then need to plan future(a) steps to meet the individual needs of children. A formative assessment is when a practitioner keeps a record of the childs learning and development. The practitioner will take daily observations of a child using notes and photo evidence and keep them in an individual record of the child. The record will be available for the parents to view, this will enable them to review their childs learning and development within the setting. It will also give the parents a chance to see what their child has achieved and what stage of development they are at. Practitioners must ensure that they regularly update childrens records by including the appropriate information. Formative assessment This is an assessment found on observations, photos, work from children or any information that a practitioner receives from the parents. It is also an ongoing assessment of children and is carried out on a regular basis through observations that practitioners gather from children. Children are also required to have a progress notice done when they are aged two, this is a summary of information that has been gained about the child. Practitioners compare children to the learning areas to identify whether or not a child has achieved their learning goal for their age and stage of development. The progress checks will be given to parents as it will be a summary of the development stages a child has achieved. They will also consist of targets/goals a child will have for the future and how they will be achieved. Summative assessment This assessment is a summary of any evidence that a practitioner gains through carrying out a formative assessment. This type of assessments are utilise to review childrens developmental progress over a intent of time, they are also used to identify if a child has achieved their target/goals for their age and stage of development. This is a summary of all the formative assessments done over a longer period and makes a statement about a childs achievements. The EYFS Profile is the summative assessment used to review childrens progress along the primordial learning goals.Exp lain the two statutory assessments that must be carried out on all children.EYFS MAY 2008 all effective assessment involves analysing and reviewing what you know about each childs development and learning. When working with children practitioners need to carry out two main assessments of the children in their care, one is the EYFS progress check which is done at age two. The second assessment is the EYFS profile which summarises and describes a childs achievements and is a record of their development. This profile is a record of the child up to the age of five up until the child leaves the nursery. These two statutory assessments check the childrens development against the seven areas of learning. The EYFS progress check requires the practitioners to make a summary of the childs development, achievements and also state any targets or goals that need to be met in order for the child to make further progress with their development. The progress checks show the parents and practitione rs any additional support that a child may require. The practitioners are required to review the childrens progress and also ensure that parents receive a written record, this will enable them to see what the child has achieved and what stage they are at with their learning and development. The key workers have the role to established the progress checks for all of their key children. In some settings the practitioners set up parents evening where they discuss the childs progress and also hand out the progress checks to the parents. This also gives the parents a chance to discuss their childs learning and development and also share information or ask and questions. The progress checks are useful as they enable parents to see how they can support their child at home and also identify their needs and interest. In order to complete the progress checks the practitioners should use the findings from their daily assessments and observations that they complete on the child, this will help to give an overview on what a child can and cannot do establish on their learning and development. The summary must include the information that the practitioner has gathered about a child over the period of time the child has been at the nursery. The early years profile is an assessment of the child that is done at the end of the foundation stage, practitioners must ensure that they complete a profile for every child at the end of the term. This assessment will normally be completed by the reception class teachers, it will be assessed against the 17 learning goals which can be found in the EYFS. The early years profile will be completed using observations of the child that have been gathered on a regular basis. The profile will consist of targets that the child has met or need to meet during their time at the nursery. The practitioners must ensure that they share the Early years profile assessment with the parents so support them so that they are able to understand their childs l earning and development. The parents will also be able to see what their child does within the setting and any progress they are making. To ensure that practitioners fully understand on how to complete the early years profile, it is a requirement that appropriate training is given to those working within a childcare setting.http//www.northamptonshire.gov.uk/en/councilservices/children/early-learning-childcare/Pages/Observation-Assessment-and-Planning-Cycle-in-the-EYFS.aspxhttp//eye.boltonlea.org.uk/observation-assessment-and-planning/oap-cycle/overviewhttp//www.ncca.biz/aistear/pdfs/guidelines_eng/assessment_eng.pdf

The Ibo Way Of Life :: essays research papers

Things Fall A variance, a novel by African essential Chinua Achebe, introduces an unusual culture to the reader. He shares a strange new way of life not customary to popular beliefs. Through a detailed definition of the Ibo culture such as role, political ideologies and unique rituals, Achebe shows forgivingity in a different perspective.Ibo culture is a completely male dominated tribe. By being a successful warrior and farmer, men gain respect and high titles. Unfortunately, women do not have those opportunities and are considered more than as property than human beings. In the first chapter, we meet Okonkwo, a highly respected leader. He has three wives who share only him as a husband. When a woman is gray enough to marry, her family must approve the suitor, and then she is purchased with cowries and other livestock. The womans duties after marriage is to stay at home to cook, clean and raise the children. As seen by roles each play in this tribe, it is obvious that the Ibos political ideologies are purely masculine and violently led. Villages will sacrifice other members of their village when a debt is owed, not knowing what is to become of them. In Ikemefumas case, he is sacrificed to the Umuofia tribe and is to live there for three years. When his three years are through with, he is violently murdered as ordered by the village elders. The boy stayed in Okonkwos Obi and learned to call him father. Okonkwo still took part in his violent murder. Other punishments of the tribe are hanging and banishment.One of the most unique things about the Ibo cultures id their superstitions. It is believed that if a woman has two or more miscarriages that her children all share the same spirit. To keep this child from dying, they must find this childs rock or mutilate the childs body. another(prenominal) superstition deals with the kola nut. The kola nut was broken and eaten every meal and was said to bring good life to people.

Censorship :: essays research papers

Censorship and the net income Biram Mboob London School of Economics B.mbooblse.ac.uk "Inevitably, being an uncontrolled system, means that the Internet will be pillowcaseed to subversive applications of some unscrupulous users." (Kershaw) The concept of the Internet was created in answer to a strategic problem faced by the unite States government during the Cold war era. A nuclear attack would easily disrupt a traditional computer network and hence make dialogue impossible. The solution was found in a new type of network. A network where all nodes would be equal in status, that is to say each could grade and receive messages. The resulting projects were the first steps towards the birth of the Internet, as we know it. Today, the Internet consists of several parts, which include the World Wide Web, FTP, IRC, News groups, Gopher, WAIS, Archie, and Email. The Internet is continuing to sustain at a rate of 40% a year, with roughly 20 million users to date. Over the past f ew years, the issue of Internet censorship has been subject to an unprecedented amount of controversy. Both sides of the debate present very strong arguments about why the Internet should or should not be censored. The point approximately often brought forward by advocates of Internet censorship is that inappropriate material can all too easily land in the hands of children via this virile new medium. Inappropriate virtuallyly describes the sexually explicit and racist material that is easily found on the Internet. The debate that currently rages however centres mainly on pornographic material. The analyse is divided into three content-based sections. The first section examines the data that is available about pornography on the Internet. Conclusions on significance of the data be offered. Section two examines the legal issues and difficulties surrounding the idea of censorship. The final section discusses alternative ways of protecting children from pornography and offers a fi nal conclusion on the attributes of the problem and the suggestion of a solution. Censorship of Internet is a big issue and not much of it can be covered in an essay at this level. The essay deliberately focuses only on pornography. While many aspects had to be left out and others discussed minimally, the result of this essay remains a shortened synopsis of relevant issues and conclusions on these issues. Section 1 In early 1995, a research team at the Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania released one of the most revealing studies into online pornography.

Learning from Mother Teresa Essay -- Graduate College Admissions Essay

Learning from contract Teresa Mother Teresa is the most important calm wedge shape of the 20th Century. Many have focused on bringing peace by political means, both violent and non-violent. Though these means whitethorn bring temporary relief, they treat only the symptoms of violence. Mother Teresa addressed the root of only violence which is in the human heart. She believed in an active peacemaking and taught that works of venerate are works of peace. (Collopy 14) Her power came from three things a mathematical group understanding of peace, unwavering devotion to victims of all types of violence, and the beautiful example of her life. Mother Teresa was born Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu in Skopje, Albania, in 1910 (Vardey xx). In 1928 she joined the Loretto order to work as a teacher in India. Her true calling came in 1946 when, according to Mother Teresa, I was traveling to Darjeeling by train, when I heard the voice of God... The message was clear. I must leave the convent to he lp the poor by living among them (Sebba 46). Mother Teresa leave the confines of the Loretto order to begin her own ministry. In 1950 she received papal permission to found a new religious order, the Missionaries of Charity (Associated Press, Highlights). Through the Missionaries of Charity, Mother Teresa brought true peace and hope to millions. Love is the most fundamental peace. Peace that comes from love is not simply the absence of conflict, it is active, living, and engages our truest selves. It is this positive peace that was Mother Teresas radical vision. For Mother Teresa, peace was so much more than political stability. Nations do not suffer, individuals do. Nations cannot be at peace unless individuals are at peace. Mother Theresa said, The whole... ...h all you meet. Remember, Works of love are works of peace. (Collopy 14). By valuing every human being, by finding Jesus even in the poorest of the poor, Mother Teresa was a hero because she gave peacemaking love to all s he met, and taught others to do likewise by her example. Works Cited Associated Press. Mother Teresa in Her Own Words. 1997 http//www.cnn.com/WORLD/9709/mother.teresa/quotes/index.html Highlights of Mother Teresas Life. 1997 http//www.cnn.com/WORLD/9709/mother.teresa/chronology/index.html CNN. Saint of the Gutters. 1997 http//www.cnn.com/WORLD/9709/mother.teresa/ regard/index.html Collopy, Michael. Works of Love are Works of Peace. San Francisco Ignatius, 1996. Sebba, Anne. Mother Teresa. New York Doubleday, 1997. Vardey, Lucinda. Mother Teresa-A Simple Path. New York Ballantine Books, 1995.